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The HIV-virus and genetic experiments

   

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The HIV-virus and genetic experiments


Reverse transcriptase is the ultimate tool for genetic engineering. In some retroviruses, the genome is pack in the form of the DNA, and the enzyme called reverse transcriptase (or reverse transcriptase enzyme) will split that DNA into two pieces. The reverse transcriptase can use as the tool for making the genetic manipulation or genome transplant between species. In this version, the reverse transcriptase enzyme would put in the nose of the nanotube, and in that case, it will be used to split the DNA into two pieces. 


There is a possibility to use the natural version of that enzyme if the researchers can isolate that molecule from some viruses. The fact is that the HIV-virus has this enzyme, and if the laboratories can isolate it from viruses, they can create the "magic stick" that can be used for genetic manipulation and genome transfer projects. But that thing requires that the virus, what is used as the DNA in the genome. 


In the AIDS-virus above the genome is in the two pieces of RNA, and the reverse transcriptase will connect those RNA bites to DNA. In some cases, this enzyme just aims the RNA molecules in a different direction, Another will send to cell organ, where it will make the organ to make copies of the virus. So reverse transcription will give unlimited changes to connect and split the genomes. It can connect the RNA but it can also split the DNA. Those enzymes are different, but together they are the most powerful tools in genetic engineering. 


If we are saying that HIV-virus is somehow interesting in the point of view of genetic research we might not mean that the virus is artificial. Or we don't mean that the virus is somehow artificial. The thing that makes HIV-virus interesting is that there is a thing that is called "reverse transcriptase enzyme". The purpose of that enzyme is to transform the DNA into the RNA and reverse transcriptase makes that thing by splitting the DNA in the two bites. 


So what makes the reverse transcriptase enzyme so interesting? The enzyme itself can isolate from the retrovirus, and then it can split every kind of DNA into two pieces. Those pieces of DNA are the RNA molecules. The fact is that this kind of RNA can make it possible to connect the new bites of genomes between species. The thing is that by using the reverse transcriptase the genomes of the DNA of every single species can split into two pieces. And the RNA can transfer to every organism what have a nucleus.



Image: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2016-08-discovery-key-component-hiv-virus.html 

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