First-time fusion reactor released more energy than it absorbs.

  

 First-time fusion reactor released more energy than it absorbs.

Image 1 Tokamak reactor

I have written before that while we are waiting for fusion power. We should also develop other choices for energy solutions. The thing is that fusion power is near to its breakthrough. But same time nobody knows when the first commercial fusion system is starting to produce energy. So we should not put all toys in the same box. 

But the case that fusion power creates more energy than its fuel absorbs. Is a breakthrough, that nobody expected to see. The fusion power plant could use the pulsing system where the power unit produces energy as the pulses. The thing is that in this case, the energy can transfer to the battery platform. And then it can deliver to the electric network. 

Those batteries can be high-voltage capacitors which are storing the power that is released. When the fusion reactor is delivering its energy. The thing is that the pulsing fusion reactor is not necessary the torus-looking Tokamak reactor. 

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Image 2

"Simplified diagram of the beam path of a NIF laser beam. One of 192 similar beamlines". 

"On the left are the amplifiers and optical switch. And on the right is the final spatial filter, switchyard, and optical frequency converter. "(Wikipedia, National Ignition facility)

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The pulsing fusion reactor can look like a ball. And in that system. There could be the "canon" that shoots the ampules that are filled with fusion fuel to the middle of the chamber. Or two cannons are sending the ionized fusion fuel to the middle of the chamber where those jets are stressed with symmetrical microwaves and lasers. 

In that "ball model" is used the similar technology that is in use in the NIF(National Ignition Facility). If we are thinking of a possibility to shoot the fusion material to the middle of the chamber by using small ampules. That thing makes it possible to control the reaction better. The fusion material can be in the form of an ion and anion. 

That thing makes it possible to create a lightweight, easy-to-control fusion reactor. And the requirement for the success of that system is that it could create more energy than the fuel and the heating process absorb. 

But theoretically, it's possible to create the basket-ball size fusion reactor that bases the idea that the lithium or ionized materials are shot in the middle of the reactor. Those kinds of reactors can use as the power source for the aircraft. 

And then that system can ignite the fuel. There is also the possibility to use some heavier ionized gases where the ion and anion are impacting. In that impact, the point is pointed laser rays and another type of electromagnetic radiation that makes ions and anions melt together. 

https://www.energy.gov/science/doe-explainstokamaks

https://www.goodnewsnetwork.org/us-fusion-reaction-generates-more-energy-than-absorbe/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Ignition_Facility

Image 1:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokamak

Image 2: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Ignition_Facility

Image 3: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/NIF-engineering-prototype-target-Figure-4-Schematic-of-the-cryogenic-ignition-target_fig4_231079611

Image 4: https://throughthelookingflask.files.wordpress.com/2012/12/nif-drawing.jpg

https://interestandinnovation.blogspot.com/

The "zero-point energy part II (Liquid helium base power system)

The "zero-point energy part II (Liquid helium base power system)

Here I must say, that the use of the liquid Helium as the power source seems very simple. The supra-liquid would rise the walls of the tower, and then it would fall down. When this quality was noticed, there were people, who thought that the only thing, what they must do is put the water mill in that flow.

Then they would have the machine, which creates the limitless energy, but the problem is that the liquid helium needs extremely low temperature. The system would be very simple. In that system could be a tube in the middle of the saucer, which is filled with liquid helium.

There would be a little hole under that tube, and the liquid helium would climb on the top of the tube. Then it will start to rotate the water mill. But the thing what is making this thing a little bit difficult to create is the extremely low temperature, what it needs to work. Maybe in the distant future, there would be that kind of power plant in some space station.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-point_energy

What means zero-point energy?

What means zero-point energy?

In some wildest scenarios, the researchers have created the idea, that the "dark energy" can benefit as the power source. The thing, what has caused this thing is that If the "dark energy exists, it can benefit".  In theory, the production of this system is really easy. The only thing what is needed is to create the antenna, which transforms the dark energy to the electric power, but there is nobody, who has made that kind of machine before.

But let's think some more conventional way. There are many versions of the "zero point energy". And normally it means the free electrons what are everywhere in the universe. The reason why this kind of technology has interested the leaders and creators of the space technology is that there is a possibility to use the free electrons from the universe for creating the electricity for the spacecraft.

Sometimes the term zero-point energy means the energy, what is stored in super-rings, or particles what are involving the quarks. Or sometimes it means the free electrons, what is found all around the universe. Sometimes that term means the cosmic background radiation, and the "zero-point propulsion" means the system what benefits those power-sources for the energy source. But the problem is that the "zero point propulsion" is the system, which is really difficult to build.

The solar generators can work with liquid helium. Those systems are closed circle of tubes, where is moving the liquid, and they are like heat exchanger, what operates the opposite way than normally. The liquid, what moves in the tubes rotates the generator, what is making the electricity, in this closed cycle system. 

The idea of the zero-point propulsion is similar to solar generators, what are the normal generators, which uses the closed liquid circuit for creating the electric power. The solar generator is actually the modified fridge, where the liquid rotates the generator, which means that the solar generator will work the opposite way. In the fridge, the pump would transfer the liquid in the tubes.

And in the solar generator, the liquid would rotate the generator. So the thing in the solar generator is that it would operate in the extremely low temperature. That system would be capable to create electricity from every liquid gas in the universe, and it can also use liquid helium in that process.