The spaceflight to Jupiter and beyond

Image 1) Artist's concept of Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter.

NASA is looking for contractors for the "Prometheus" or JIMO (Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter) mission system. And those nuclear-powered unmanned space probes are opening the road to the sample bringing missions to outer solar systems. 

The experiences that are opening the road to the manned missions to the outer solar system. Those missions require more powerful and advanced technology than missions to Mars. 

What if the EEG of the sleeping crew can use to control spacecraft? 

The scientific team talks lucid messages to people's dreams.

The ability to control dreams is one of the most interesting visions in the world of neuroscience. Dreams are the position where the brain can use the most of its capacity. And that time can use to turn the brain into a productive machine. The ability to control dreams is making it possible to create the obsession to make something. But if we will create a system that can interact with sleeping people. That thing makes it possible to communicate with people. 

While they are in anesthesia or even in a coma. Theoretically, it is possible to make a system that projects people's dreams to the computer screens. That thing requires "only" the system that decodes the EEG to the computer. The ability to communicate with brains while the person is sleeping can play a key role in the future spaceflights to the outer solar system. The computer can input data into the brains of the crew members. 

While they are on the extremely long journey to Jupiter. In that kind of journey, long-term anesthesia is required for keeping the social problems minimal. So in that kind of system, the brains of the crew members can use to communicate with computers. That means those people would control the craft by using EEG waves while they are sleeping. Jupiter is maybe the limit for the nuclear rockets. 

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How a futuristic probe brings samples from Jupiter to Earth?

There is possible to combine flyby and the orbital mission by dropping the sub-craft to the planetary orbiter from the flyby craft. But that sub-craft requires the breaking time. The idea is that the Jupiter craft will make a flyby of Jupiter. 

During that part of the mission, it drops the orbiter craft. Then it can fly to Saturn and use that planet as the gravitational sling that takes it back to Jupiter. There the smaller probe will dock to the main flyby probe. And return to Earth.

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And the journey to there and back requires near 4000 days. The flight time to Jupiter is 600 days if the system makes a flyby. But positioning the craft to the orbital trajectory requires 2000 days. And that is one of the biggest problems in space flight. The journey to Jupiter and back requires 11 years. And that means the craft would just visit that planet. That is an extremely long time. And that is one of the limits for the plans to fly to other planets. 

But if we want to fly farther the problem is aging. That means the aging of the DNA must deny. If we want to send living astronauts to another planet or solar system. There is the possibility that in the distant future. Biotechnology can fix the damages to the DNA of the crew. In that system, the DNA of the crew has been stored in the digital memory of the artificial intelligence. 

And then, the nanomachines can replace the damaged DNA while crew members are aging. If the aging of the crew members can deny. By using some other method than cooling them to zero kelvin degrees. That thing makes it possible to use their brains as part of the computer system. 

Image 2) Daedalus spacecraft concept (Wikipedia)

The Daedalus 3 plan. 

As I am written many times in the 1970s British Interplanetary Society created the Daedalus project. The hypothetical unmanned spacecraft can use to travel to Proxima Centauri or Barnard's star. Maybe Daedalus can ever take astronauts to other solar systems. But that craft and its fusion engine could be a powerful tool for traveling inside the solar system. 

But there are made some theoretical mission profiles for visiting the Proxima and Alpha Centauri. 

The thing is that the flight time to Proxima Centauri would be extremely long if the craft must station to the orbit of that star. The Daedalus can reach 25% of the speed of light by using the antimatter engine. But that is very low. That means the hypothetical Daedalus might be an unmanned system controlled by very advanced artificial intelligence. The flyby would be a very good possibility. Because in that case, the craft must not break when it comes to the Proxima system. 

The idea is that the craft would make flyby but in that case, it shoots the sub-probe to the orbiter of the Proxima Centauri. The sub probe would collect samples from the Proxima system. And then the main craft or another Daedalus would use Alpha Centauri as the gravitation sling that would turn in back to Earth. During that process, the sub-probe will get back and dock to Daedalus. 

https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/dreams-talk-lucid-messages-b1804671.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Daedalus

Image 1 ) https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/nasa-selects-contractor-for-first-prometheus-mission-to-jupiter

Image 2) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Daedalus

https://thoughtsaboutsuperpositions.blogspot.com/

Water is not similar everywhere.

   

 Water is not similar everywhere. 

The water on Mars is not in the form that it is on Earth, say NASA scientists. The thing is that there are many forms of water in the universe what is different than we know that liquid. There are deep oceans on the icy moons like Ganymede and Europa. 

Those oceans on single icy moons are involving more water than on Earth. The icy moons like Enceladus have icy geysers. And that makes them interesting places. There is the possibility that some tiny, primitive organisms are living in those oceans. They might get their energy from the volcanic temperature that is created by the tidal forces of the giant gas planets. 

But the thing is that those oceans are different than oceans on Earth. The tidal waves are keeping those oceans liquid. And the thing is that the gravitation on those moons is weaker than on Earth. So the pressure in those oceans is lower. 

And that makes water more moving than it moves on Earth. The distance of water molecules in those oceans is higher. That means fiction is lower than it's on the Earth. So water moves more easily and the effect of tidal forces is higher than it's on the Earth 

When we are thinking water, we mean the chemical combination called H2O. But the form of the H20 can be very different than we ever imagine. Oxygen and hydrogen can be connected to other atoms and stored in molecules in stones. So the thing is that. Those gasses can locate on planets. Even there is no water or even atmosphere.  The thing is that planet can be full of water. And it can seem dry. In those cases, water can be connected to minerals. 

In some cases, water can easily separate from minerals simply by heating it. One of the minerals that seem dry but heat is releasing water vapor is copper sulfate. And on many other planets, the atmosphere can be so hot. That there are no water drops. That means the atmosphere can be full of vaporized water. But it cannot touch the surface of that planet. 

Also, the friction of the high-speed winds of the atmosphere of gas planets can keep water in vaporized form. Or the wind is breaking the ice so small bites that they are flowing at atmosphere which temperature is only a couple of kelvin. That kind of "smoke ice" (small particle ice) is found in the atmospheres of Uranus and Neptune. So the form of the water in other planets can be far away from what is on Earth. Also, the deep oceans of some planets can involve water. 

That pressed to solid form. Extreme pressure can form a thing called "hot ice". In those cases, pressure is the thing that denies the movement of the water molecules. That kind of situation can be on hot planets. And there is water that is far different than water is on our planet. 

https://scitechdaily.com/we-asked-a-nasa-scientist-is-there-water-on-mars-video/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganymede_(moon)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enceladus

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_(moon)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neptune

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uranus

https://thoughtsaboutsuperpositions.blogspot.com/

Brainwave-controlled robots can be an awesome tool in many things

Brainwave-controlled robots can be an awesome tool in many things

Every time we are facing the fascinating idea in computer technology. The thing is a biological microprocessor, what would be the revolution in computer technology. And in fact, the simplest way to create that kind of microprocessor is to connect our own brains to a computer by using the EEG-machine, what is connected to the decoder. That system would allow transforming our brainwaves to the form, what computer, and if we would have that equipment, we might control the robots like they would be our second body.

This would be one very good point for making new kind of robots, what looks like humans, and what can be controlled through the Internet and satellites even from the opposite side of the world. But this technology, what is connected to artificial intelligence and machine learning would allow the research the surfaces of the gas planets icy moons. The machine learning means that the robot is learning like a child.


The movement tracks of the robot can be recorded, and send to the distance by using radio waves and internet


The movement tracks what are necessary would be taught to the system by using virtual reality, and if we are thinking about the situation, that the machine must do something in the distance, where the signal travels even hours, would there be the simple solution for that. The operator can use a similar system, what travels on the distance on Earth, and then the movement tracks would send to the robots, what are operating in the distance.

But this kind of bioprocessors would not be effective in the space travel and probes, what is traveling in the edge of our solar system. The control signal travels hours to the giant gas planets and the controlling those robots, what is traveling on the surface of their icy moons. Those robots might actually the hybrid systems, where another part is like the Mars-car, what have successfully researched the surface of the red planet.

And the other part of the system might be a human-looking robot, what can collect samples from the tough places, and fix the damages of the car. The image recognition systems allow them to choose tools or other parts and take the interesting samples, and if those robots cannot solve some problems, they would send the message of that to the control room. Robots would not tired and that means that they can stay in the same position even days.

Skeleton-shaped robots can use the same tools as humans.


The human-shaped robot could use the same tools with humans, and those robots might have multiple systems, which guarantees the success of the mission. Those robots might actually look like little bit walking skeletons because there is no need to cover them by using some tissue-looking thing, and some persons have thought that could the medieval figure where Death is in the shape of skeleton actually the robot. That figure has been given inspiration for the creators of the futuristic "Terminator" robots, but the connection with the original images and robotics is the only speculation.

I don't know about that, but those paintings have inspired engineers to create the robots, what is looking like the skeleton. If we would think the situation, that we would send the probe to the moons like Europa and Titan,  or somewhere farther away from Earth, that means that those missions must be a success.

In the cases where the probe would be destroyed during the travel, the thing what makes that loss very sad is that those probes cannot send every year, and if the mission has taken years, the destruction of the probe would be catastrophic. The system uses machine learning and artificial intelligence for creating the new movement tracks and tactics, how to survive in the situations, what the futuristic probe can face.

If there would be the problems with that system, the controllers of that robot can use virtual-reality to make new movement tracks, and in this situation, the laser scanner can make the 3D-image of the environment with a camera system, what uses two cameras like human eyes, and connecting the data, what the pressure sensors from the hands of the robot that robot can change the parts of the robot car or climb in the mountains.