Jamming the GPS is not as easy as people think.

Russians are told that they can jam the GPS. The war in Ukraine has shown that jamming the GPS is not as easy as people think. The communication between GPS and satellite happens with multi-channel radios. So the system uses multiple frequencies at the same time. 

That's why jamming the GPS is more difficult than people expect. The data security of those systems is very important. And maybe NATO uses different GPS in exercise than in real situations. That makes jamming of those systems extremely difficult. 

When people are looking at the Russian sea-launch missiles they are not very accurate. There is the possibility that small drones or special warfare teams are taking the radar transponders to targets. That thing makes targets seem brighter on the radar of the missile. And people expected Russians have those transponders. That thing can give the radar-homing missile higher accuracy. But Russians seem to have not those transponders. 

The problem with HiMARS and other precision-guided weapons is that if Russians get one of them. They can find out those frequencies. Another thing is that Ukraine will not maybe need anything more than 20-50 HiMARS launchers. People always asked, why Ukraine would not get let's say about 300 HiMARS? Have you ever known about the apportioning of firepower? 

That means the firepower would be limited to the necessary level. The GPS tells the precise point of the HiMARS to the deliverer of the system. But there is always the possibility that some Ukrainian criminals try to sell those weapons to Russians. Those weapons cannot use against Ukrainians or NATO. But they can give information about what the Russians need to break the GPS. 

The answer is there is always the possibility. Those Russians capture those systems. Another fact about the HiMARS is that weapon manufacturers are making more of them if there is a need for those systems. When we are talking about the HiMARS and other types of weapons we must realize that the U.S stockpile of those systems is not public information. 

And there is always the possibility that some Wikipedia data about those systems is wrong. Another thing is that the only allowed sources for comments on the war are public data. Uncovering classified information can cause big problems for national security. So Wikipedia and some FAS.Org type pages are allowed sources. The classified and top secret files are not public sources. They are not also allowed to use in commentations. The links below this text are going to news that is in Finnish. 

https://www.msn.com/fi-fi/uutiset/other/himars-iskee-kuin-kirurgi-skalpellilla-miksi-ihmeess%C3%A4-usa-on-antanut-raketinheittimi%C3%A4-ukrainalle-niin-v%C3%A4h%C3%A4n/ar-AA101Hz9?ocid=msedgdhp&pc=U531&cvid=71f4ac856913452195d799604307c6c0

https://www.mtvuutiset.fi/artikkeli/venaja-julisti-ennen-sotaa-pystyvansa-sokeuttamaan-lansimaiden-gps-kaluston-vaisu-lopputulos-kiteytyy-tahan-kuvaan/8476944

Image: https://spaceflightnow.com/2014/12/18/newest-gps-satellite-goes-active/

North Korea has tested its new train-mounted missile system.

The new North Korean train-mounted missile system contains ballistic missiles wich range is about 800 kilometers. This is the thing that is told about those missiles. And there is a couple of things that we should know about those probably nuclear-capable systems. 

If we are thinking that those missiles cannot be sharp we are wrong. Even the primitive weapon systems can be accurate. During WWII were plans to use hidden radio transmitters to aim the primitive cruise missiles. The idea was that agents were put the transmitters to target. And then the primitive missiles like V-1 or V-2, or radio-controlled  B-17 bombers that carried internal warheads would fly to the target.

There is the possibility that the North Korean nuclear weapons are using the guidance system which bases the radio transmitters that are left near the target area. The idea is that this system can activate just before the attack. And then the missile can hit the target with very high accuracy. The ECM system can jam the signal. But the operators must know the frequency for counteractions. 

In those systems, the agents are leaving the transmitter in the target area. This type of radio transmitter can be activated by radio signals transmitted by the radio system on the homing head of missiles. When the radio signal hits the targeting transmitter, that thing starts to send the aiming signal to the missile. 

The Israeli air force used this type of targeting system in operation "Opera" for targeting its weapons. "Operation Opera" was an Israeli long-range air-strike the Iraqi nuclear reactor in the year 1981. In that strike, an Israeli agent put a little radio transmitter in the reactor room. And then that system sends the signal to aim missiles at the reactor. In that strike, the aircraft activated the aiming system by using the wake-up signal from the radar. And then the weapons flew to that signal. 

In the modern versions, the mobile telephone can use in this type of aiming system. The idea is that this type of system can use without the GPS. To the battlefield would put quadcopters that are equipped with led-lights or radio transmitters. And then the attack aircraft will shoot homing projectiles that are using those systems for aiming themselves. 

I other versions agent or quadcopter will put the mobile telephone on the target, and then the nuclear missile would aim to that point. The thing that makes this type of system very hard to detect is that the tracking signal can activate just before the strike is coming. The activator can be at the nose of an incoming missile. In this case, the missile must know only about the location of the transmitter. It can fly by using an inertial navigation system. When it would turn to return trajectory the radio system activates the aiming transmitter. 

()https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-9996779/North-Korea-reveals-TRAIN-based-missile-fired-two-missiles-Japan-week.html

()https://www.nknews.org/2021/09/north-korea-tested-new-train-launched-ballistic-missile-system-kcna/

()https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Opera

()https://thoughtandmachines.blogspot.com/

Handling a large database by artificial intelligence is the key element when program calculates probabilities with great accuracy

Handling a large database by artificial intelligence is the key element when program calculates probabilities with great accuracy

What gives accuracy for a computer program?

The number of variables is affecting the accuracy of prediction, and a large number of variables are giving great accuracy. But handling those variables without high-power computers and effective algorithms is an impossible mission. And making highly accurate predictions the computer needs billions of variables.

 In the last writing, I wrote about the computer program, which will calculate the probabilities or chances, what is calculating by percent, and that kind of program would introduce as a too simplified mode. The problem with a prediction of the political decision is more complicated than taking the two possibilities and calculating the probability of those cases. Things, what is influencing the political decision are more complicated than we ever imagined.

The things that affect are more complicated and one thing, what we must notice is, who those decisions have been introduced, how close the elections are and what kind of attitudes the media have? These kinds of things have a really big influence on political decisions. But the thing is that this kind of computer program needs tens of thousands of cases, what it will store in the database.

The key element in artificial intelligence is that is the database, or multiple databases, which can be linked together. And the network-based databases can have billions of records or variables, and those databases can be used by many types of software. In this case, the program would use the recorded and shorted variables to create the models. And the thing is that an increasing number of variables are increasing the accuracy of the computer program.

A large number of variables gives great accuracy for the program, but handling those variables needs the algorithms. For human handling, even billions of variables is an impossible mission. 

Sometimes we are forgetting that the same algorithms, what are collecting data of the users of social media are making the collecting data from the history more effective than some manual method is. The thing is that artificial intelligence can review even large databases in a couple of minutes. And if we are thinking the databases like archives of the parliaments, we must realize that those databases are very small, if we want to compare their size with the entire internet.

That's why artificial intelligence makes some things, which has been impossible in history possible. This means that computers can handle data very fast, and the artificial intelligence can isolate every single word from the document, and sort them to the database. The thing is that the automatically sorted and created databases may have billions of variables. So this thing makes artificial intelligence a very effective tool for many roles to create the software, which makes predictions.

So how artificial intelligence will make the database automatically? 

The key is that the titles and other things are just words. And the creator of the database can use the lists or databases of the titles, what are used in the parliament and other government. That means that those words like the spokesman of parliament, member of the supreme court, engineer and leader of the party can simply collect to file, and then copy to the database. And connections are making databases more effective.

That means that there could be algorithms that are following the newspaper articles about the opinions of the people. Those articles that are telling about the results of the Gallup polls have errors, but the key element in the order, how the journalist would handle things. The thing that supports the attitude of the journalist or media house is normally above the other text. And also headlines are telling the official attitude about the things, and the reason for that is that most commonly those things are read.

The research has been made by following the movements of eyes by using the cameras, and the thing is that it's the same are people reading a newspaper or looking at web sites. The psychological functions in human brains are similar in both cases. 

That's why the things that please the media house are in the position, what is most commonly read. It is also researched, what locations in the newspaper pages are most commonly read, and the most important things are put in those positions. Of course, the interest can be increased by using colorful images, where are lots of bright colors, and if those images are in the upper left corner on the page, that would make the text more interesting.

The reason is that we are starting to read from the upper left corner, and that thing is learned in the school because western languages are read from the left to right. And if we would make similar pages to Arabs, we must put images to the right side. The idea of the color image is to make the person stop browsing and increase the interest of the pages. As I have written earlier in this part of the text, it is the same, are we making a newspaper or web pages. The same psychological elements are suitable for both things.

Image:

http://www.wallcoo.net/cartoon/tsamedien_thomas_saur/images/%5Bwallcoo.com%5D_thomas_saur_illustration_hks.jpg

How many errors we would find depends on the used accuracy. And then we must ask: what is needed accuracy?

 

Technical advantage and accuracy in the point of view of the research. 

When we are looking at things like a technical advantage, we have forgotten that some solutions, what seems non-practical in history, would turn very practical if they are controlled by artificial intelligence, and one example of those things is STEALTH aircraft. By using modern computer technology and interaction between the sensors and computer allows that the aircraft can turn the most affordable part of the body towards the radar, and then that thing would maximize the effect of the STEALTH-form. This is one of the things, what we must think about when we are creating new things.

The way of seeing things is the most important part of the research. And if we are looking by using a very big zoom or the accuracy, we might see mistakes and errors in every single particle and object in the world. Even if we are seeing the layer, what is looking like a solid and tight thing, we must realize that if we would use extremely high accuracy, we might see holes in every single object and layer in the world.

Now everybody says, that there are no holes in the metal layer, but when we are using very high accuracy, we might see that there are holes between the atoms, what is forming the layer. The atomic level of the structure is always finding the holes, which is so small that even photons cannot go through them. The thing is that if the atoms of the metal would be straight in the line, and the photons would be enough, we might see that light goes through the object. In the natural world, even photons are not flying straight routes. Gravity would affect their moving direction.

And if we are thinking carefully the thing, what is called as interaction, the smallest particle has affected to photons, but we cannot measure that effect. But when there are enough particles, that thing would change the effect to measurable. When the escape velocity of the surface of particles would increase very high, that means even the photons would drop in that particle, what is called "black hole".

How many errors we would find depends on the used accuracy. And then we must ask: what is needed accuracy?

In the quantum world, the photons are always chancing their course when they are moving near other objects, and every layer is full of holes, but do we need that accuracy in real life? There is a possibility that gluons are connecting with the photon in some distant future, and form the material. And should we prepare for that by buying the sunglasses, because someday our house can be formed by photons, and that would harm our eyes? That is a really interesting point of the view in that kind of thing.

But when we are thinking theory and practical world, are we always think that every layer is full of holes? Or are we think that photons would not travel straight routes? No in normal life and world of normal size objects, we must not think those things. But otherways we might think that the subatomic particles are also "normal size objects", and then we will start to think about the description or definition of the normal-size objects, we must ask: "are all objects, what are invisible to us some kind of abnormal"?

So is the human eye and ability to see things the thing, what defines is the object normal size or not? We might say that something exists, but we cannot observe it. Or we can observe something by using very advanced tools like electron microscopes. But then we must realize that somebody can send us faked information just sending the framed information to the screen. And that thing means that the faked information can be the purpose or accidental.

The accidental way might be that some operators would start to watch the movie by using the same screen, which is meant to use in some scientific experiments. But did those operators know that there are some other things, where those screens were reserved? If a person doesn't know that there is some other use for the system, that means that the fault is not those persons, if they are not told that the computers are reserved for some other purposes.