Three new industries can change the world more than we ever thought.

Three new business areas are giving great opportunities. And they are also causing big threats.  Those three things are the privatization of the force, privatization of space, and privatization of internet services. Those three things are the most powerful tools in the world. 

1) Privatization of force. 

There are two types of privatization of the force. The military operative companies. Or so-called war companies. Actors like Blackwater and Wagner group are the most well-known private military contractors. Those companies' operators are working as military instructors. But, those mercenaries are also working in front-line duties. 

The official operation sector of those military operative companies is "security". But they offer highly trained military personnel to give their services to customers.  The risk of those operators is that they can offer their services to people who are working against western values. 

And some military contractors can offer their services to other companies that operate in the military sector. So the U.S. or Western European operators can also train Wagner group operators and share information that is harmful to NATO. 

Private military actors are operators whose operators must not follow protocols. That means the real actors behind some strikes cannot connect with some political and business elite. Things like Mafia can also buy or establish private military actors. 

And actors like the Wagner group have connections to the highest level of the Russian government. The owner of that military actor or mercenary army is Putin's chef. When we talk about actors like the Wagner group, nobody knows what kinds of networks those operators have. 

That kind of business is impossible in Russia without the security service and Vladimir Putin's permission. The weapons that those people need are taken straight from the Russian military. The Wagner group offers Putin change to affect the opposition and his enemies without telling those things to FSB. 

That means people like Vladimir Putin. And some other people are using private military actors' services. The problem is that if somebody wants to break the law, that actor doesn't ask for permission for that thing. 

Another problem is the electronic surveillance and other support equipment. Those private security companies operate. That means the official authorities require permission to see things like surveillance tapes and search the location of the people. 

The private operators can search people's locations. And they don't ask permission for surveillance operations if they want to break the law. That kind of thing offers a very big power to the hands of private operators. 

2) Privatizing space.

The space industry is one of the fasters growing industries in the world. And the private satellites are delivering very sharp information from the ground. 

Private radar satellites are enough high accurate. That they can deliver data about the locations of the Russian convoys in Ukraine. The highly accurate satellites can also deliver information about military bases to private actors. 

The GPS allows operators can locate any cell phone or GPS locator on Earth, sea, or airborne in seconds. The GPS is the key component in worldwide positioning. 

 And that kind of system is a very powerful tool in the military world. And is the key component in the most effective weapons that have ever been created before. 

Things like GPS-guided ammunition is the most effective and accurate tool on the battlefield. The GPS control system can use the same location system created to protect weapons against thieves.  The same GPS that locates the weapon's position can also operate as a guidance unit. 

Of course,  it is possible to use some other ways to give accuracy for the ammunition than GPS. But the problem is that if the GPS is not jammed, the GPS ammunition is superior against other weapons. Aiming that ammunition is faster than manual aiming. And that thing gives them pinpoint accuracy. 

But privatization of space makes it possible that private companies can destroy satellites. The small-size shuttles and satellites are capable to carry weapons that can destroy at least other satellites. And those systems can drop small-diameter bombs or quadcopters from the orbiter.

This makes it possible that those systems can destroy individual vehicles and persons from the ground. In that kind of system, the small-diameter bomb is a miniature glider that falls through the atmosphere. Or the quadcopter that can have a similar heat shield to Mars probes can land through the atmosphere. And those quadcopters can have pistol- or rifle-caliber weapons which makes them possible to assassinate individual people. 

3) Privatization of the net.

Privatization of the net is one of the most dangerous things in the world. The problem with that advancement is that private companies own the most powerful information channel in the world. The internet is the network that benefits both civil and military actors. And both actors can use the same applications and mobile tools for making their work. 

But the accumulation of the Internet and other network operators is dangerous. One of the biggest threats is that anybody in the world can buy stocks of those international companies. And two actors who have money are Russia and Arabs. So what would you think about the situation where the channel or network that offers the news and other information is in the hands of Arabs or Russians? These kinds of things are very concerning. 

We saw in Brexit what western political operators can do with things like Facebook. But what if the entire network would go into the hands of the hostile propaganda machine? That kind of thing is one of the most powerful tools to affect people's opinions. 

Private industry is more effective than governmental actors, especially in the R&D process. 

When we are privatizing something we must realize that private corporations' strength is in the R&D process. Private operators must not care about public opinions. And multinational corporations can transform their R&D process to other countries if some country doesn't accept their way of making business. 

That thing is important in the things like genetic engineering. People sometimes have strong opinions of that industry. And the multinational biotech company can simply take their laboratories to some country where no legislation limits their work. Biotechnology can offer very much to humans. But sometimes people are against that kind of technology. 

We must ask, where do we get food for the entire planet? And when we are thinking about malaria and other kinds of things, we should ask ourselves, do we want those diseases ourselves? 

Or why we don't make vaccines against cancer? Would you want cancer yourself? There is the possibility to create vaccines against things like fentanyl and botulinum. So why we don't create those things? 

Private-owned companies must not ask permission to use money as the governmental actors must do. And that makes them effective actors in the R&D sectors. The problem in the R&D process is that thing is required in the innovation. 

Innovation is an important thing for national security. We saw in Ukraine what happens if the military uses old-fashion technology. Of course, the military can use old-fashion technology. 

But if the new technology works as it should, the result is a very sad thing because old-fashion technology is vulnerable to pinpoint accurate attacks. Large-area ammunition storage can be detonated in seconds even if the small warheads hit them. 

Images: From the top. 

Pinterest

https://www.businessinsider.com/private-military-contractor-industry-reinvents-itself-2013-11?r=US&IR=T

https://www.space.com/dream-chaser-space-plane-tenacity-tour.html

https://www.javatpoint.com/internet

https://www.lockheedmartingear.com/proddetail.asp?prod=LM210014-SW

https://designandinnovationtales.blogspot.com/

The cold areas in the cosmic microwave background are a mystery

 

 The cold areas in the cosmic microwave background are a mystery

Image 1:

The empty area in the cosmic background is visible in the WMAP image. There is also another similar area in the middle of the image. And those so-called "cold areas" (also known as "Bubble of nothingness" or empty bubbles" ) are things that are causing discussions.  Those areas are marked in image 2. 

The reason why that microwave image is not homogeneous is a mystery. There was something that caused shadow in the comic background. There is possible that black holes pulled radiation and material out from those areas. Theoretically, somewhere in the universe could be the black holes in which the event horizon can be larger than even galaxies. But the question is, where those black holes are?

Empty areas are the cold points in the cosmic microwave map. They are like shadows that some object left in the shine of the Big Bang. In some theories, those empty areas are formed because there was an impact on another universe.

Image 2: 

Or the supermassive black holes outside the universe would pull the matter from those points. The fact is that there should not be black holes out of the universe, because those black holes would vaporize. Image 3 shows the observable universe. As you see, the material and galaxies are like in ball-shaped form. And if the black hole is out of that material core, that thing can cause that it's invisible. 

x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x

Image 3:  "Artist's logarithmic scale conception of the observable universe with the Solar System at the center, inner and outer planets, Kuiper belt, Oort cloud, Alpha Centauri, Perseus Arm, Milky Way galaxy, Andromeda galaxy, nearby galaxies, Cosmic Web, Cosmic microwave radiation and the Big Bang on the edge" (Wikipedia Commons)

(The reason why Earth seems to be in the middle of the universe is that the observer would stay near it. So when the observer is making the ball-shaped image there is an optical trick. That the observer seems to be in the middle of the ball.)

(If an observer makes a ball-shaped image of the universe. That person seems to be in the middle of the universe. That is one of the most interesting optical illusions in the world.)

x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x

The fact is that the supermassive black hole must position only away from a material plate of the universe that it can remain unseen. The thing is that there are no holes in the empty areas in the universe. There is only less dense material or radiation in those cold spots. So the energy load of those points is smaller than other places in the universe. 

And that means something has pulled even radiation away from those points. The thing that made that thing could be a black hole. If the thing that created those cold spots is a black hole. That means the place of the black hole is ahead of the radiation. So the black hole must be born before the material and energy released to the universe during the Big Bang. 

The cosmic background image is introducing cosmic background that is like an echo from the Big Bang. The thing is that if somebody caused that the cold areas of the cosmic background are formed by something that causes shadow in that background. Another answer could be that there is some kind of asymmetry in the cosmic background. So was the Big Bang release some kind of flares during that case? 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmic_microwave_background

Image 1: https://www.nasa.gov/feature/making-sense-of-the-big-bang-wilkinson-microwave-anisotropy-probe

Image 2: https://www.nasa.gov/feature/making-sense-of-the-big-bang-wilkinson-microwave-anisotropy-probe

Image 3: https://science.nasa.gov/observable-universe

https://thoughtsaboutsuperpositions.blogspot.com/

Diatoms, nanomachines, and the computer sciences

Diatoms, nanomachines, and the computer sciences

Diatoms or their cores can use as miniaturized data storage and the parts of nanotechnology. Do you remember CD-ROMs or DVD (Blue Ray) ROMs? Those things were used in the past for storing data before the network-based applications turned those things old fashion. But there might find a use for extremely small optical disks because of that kind of data saving tool very resistant against the electromagnetic radiation, and by using modern technology the DVD and Blue Ray storage can store an extremely large number of data.

So what if we could use the cores of diatoms for that kind of purpose. In this technology, the data would store in the disk by using extremely thin laser, where the diameter of the ray would be so thin as possible to write data to those miniaturized optical disks. And the idea is to benefit the core of disk-shaped diatoms, where the laser would store the data like in the normal-size optical disks.

The idea is to store the data, which should not be damaged to those microcrystals, and that kind of data would be the computer programs, what is used for controlling space probes, and in theory, the entire history of mankind can be stored to those nano-sized optical disks. The small size optical disks are very strong against mechanic corrosion, and that's why they could be effective systems for storing data.

Use as the parts of nanomachines

But the cores of diatoms can be used in many other purposes in nano- and mini technology. They can be used as the miniaturized clutch, which can be used to control the miniaturized motors. And the lasers can also machine those miniaturized parts to miniaturized pinions. If there would be holes in the core of diatom, that thing can be used in miniaturized filters. And the most fascinating tools, that nanotechnology can ever create are the miniaturized "satellites" that would travel inside the human blood veins.

They might have propellers or miniaturized paddle wheels, which allows them to float on the air or travel inside the human body. Those satellites can use magnetic levitation for hovering on air, and that means that below them must be the magnetic layer. But if they are used for searching damages in the places like satellites, manned and unmanned spacecraft and -stations they can hover in zero-gravity conditions, and as I have written many times, they can create their energy by using high-power radio waves.

Radiowaves can deliver energy to miniaturized submarines, what can travel inside the human body, as well in the water lines of the city, and search the things like extraordinary bacteria and pollution. Those systems can capture even single bacteria, and they can search for many things, that people ever can find.

In some ideas, those robots might be used against bacteria and other harmful cells by equipping them with miniaturized centrifuge guns, what would shoot the medicine or something that makes holes to the targeted cells, and those miniaturized satellites can operate inside the human body.

But the can also be used for checking things in the water tubes, and machine technology. In that case, miniaturized robots would travel inside the machines. Those robots can be equipped with RFID-chip, which allows locating every each of them. And miniaturized cameras or laser detectors, what can scan the layer.

One of the most interesting areas, where that kind of thing can operate is space technology. The spacecraft could hover miniaturized robots, which are getting their power from the radio waves. The system would locate the place of every single robot, and those small satellite-looking things can search the damages, which can expand from the places, where normal people cannot even look. And if the group of those miniaturized robots is flowing in the same direction, there might be a leak in the spacecraft.

Image:

https://naturalishistoria.files.wordpress.com/2015/02/diatom-slide.jpg

The size of the space laboratory is not very big

The size of the space laboratory is not very big

There are many laboratories in space and the most well-known of them are laboratories of Mir, Skylab, and ISS (International Space Station) but also in deep space and planetary probes like Viking has been a small size laboratory installed in those vehicles. Also, some satellites have contained biological test capsules, which have used to test life support systems.

But the thing is that there might also make another type of biological and structural tests. The size of those laboratories is not very big, and they were made by using the 70's technology. So the question is, why X-37B cannot handle those missions, like microgravity tests by using remote control. The remote-controlled systems are saving time and money in that kind of cases.

And the thing is that kind of automatized systems can operate everywhere in the solar system, and those operations might keep secret for some special reasons, what might not uncover for great public.  The thing in remote-controlled systems is that they can operate from the safe distances by using cameras that are connected to microscopes and manipulators. Those systems can be operated from the ground station, which makes them suitable to analyze the biological material, what might be infecting the crew.

When we are looking at things like remote-controlled laboratories, they can be installed in manned space stations, by using the bearing, what allows those modules to rotate, and the thing is that there might test things, like growing food in the space. But those tests can be made also in the separated scientific satellites, and in those areas would be used many dangerous organisms. One of the things is that mushrooms are a very interesting part of the food in space stations and long-term space trips.

Mushrooms can handle waste very effectively, and that makes possible to create a closed ecosystem in the spacecraft, but there is one problem. If the mushroom would start to sprawl in a closed system, that would mean very bad problems. The air in the craft would be poisoned by the germs, and that's why those tests must be made in the closed and remote-controlled modules, where those organisms would not infect all the air and surfaces in the space station.

There are other things, which might interest other people. When we are facing cases, that somebody wants to test really dangerous organisms, like Ebola, those tests might be done in the scientific satellite, and after the tests, those systems can send to Sun, where organisms and other material, what is used in those tests will be destroyed.

"The Cylon base-star" type spaceborne generator

"The Cylon base-star" type spaceborne generator

Sometimes the engineers have created ideas of the saucer-shaped large-scale, multimission spacecraft, what looks a little bit the "Cylon base-star" in the TV-series "Battlestar Galactica". This kind of structure, what can change its form can explain, why there is so many types of UFO:s. The structure can turn from the disk to the cigar-shaped system quite easily.

The disk might have many power systems, and the interplanetary or even interstellar drive would be made by using antimatter motors. If we think that craft would use solar power it can use magnetic accelerators by using this "green energy".

The disk-shaped craft, what has a two-layer structure, basically this thing is the generator. The idea is that the craft is covered with rotating layers, what is making it the giant generator. If those disks are rotating by using an electric motor in zero-gravity conditions the speed of those disks would rise very high. And the problem is the centrifugal force, what might destroy plates.

The disk-shaped rotor is rotating through the frame, what is connected to both poles of the generator. This would transfer electricity to the antennas, which are targeted to the target. That system could be used to transfer electricity wirelessly to the drones, what are operating near it.

Because the craft is in the non-gravitational space, the speed of those disks can be very high, which allows creating very high-power electric voltages. Rotating layers rotates with very high speed. The frames are stable, and the controlling systems are in those frames. The system can be remote-operated, and it can use in multi-missionary purposes, which makes it effective. This kind of systems might be transforming. The center tube of this craft would be like some telescope, and it can expand its length. That would make the system look like the dumbbell, which is used in the gym.

And when the structure is "open" the craft would cover itself by using a shield, what can be pulled in. This kind of transformation can be used to make that thing the dangerous weapon because the shield can also be used as the solar panel, which improves the power, what system can create. The rotating layer can suppress the impact of ammunition and meteorites.

That system can also be equipped with the ion cannon, what shoots through the poles. The gas would be ionized in the other side of the magnet track, and then it can transfer to another side of the track by the magnetic accelerator. That system would cause a bright light effect. The same track can also be used as the WARP-drive, which means this craft could hover on the air over the ion column, and then the side movements can happen in the atmosphere by using propellers. Or there could also be the WARP tracks between the layers.

That would turn the disk-shaped object to turn the cigar like craft. And of course, the disk can close itself like some mussel for covering its inner structure and docking hangars. That system could operate drones and other systems on the surface of planets, and it can be used for many purposes. But if those systems are made by some kind of extraterrestrials there is the possibility that the craft is loaded with self-destruction system, which means that in the worst case the antimaterial capsule, what causes extremely large destruction.

Antimatter motor

Antimatter motor

Antimatter would be an effective fuel for interstellar spacecraft

Antimatter would be the most effective power source in the world. It will be the most suitable motor for interstellar spacecraft, but the problem is that thing is very reactive. And actually one of the biggest problems with this kind of motor is that the gram of antimatter would turn the entire planet to the molecular nebula. So this kind of motor can produce only outside of our solar system. Producing antimatter would need large particle accelerators, and that kind of systems might look like giant donuts, what is floating on the space.

There are two ways to create the antimatter motor, one is to store the anti-ions in the magnetic bottle, where the pushing magnetic field will keep those ions away from the wall of the bottle, and then the antimatter would conduct to the water or some other particle. The huge explosion or annihilation reaction would send the rocket to a very high speed. The antimatter would also produce in the spacecraft itself, but there is need the enormous systems to create the thing.

The producing the antimatter would happen the same way, what it is made in the CERN or other particle accelerators. And there might be used the anti-electrons or positrons in this kind of system. Positrons would produce in the particle accelerator, and then they would conduct to the particle, what is made by normal material, and they can create a huge punch for the spacecraft.

Antimatter would store in the superconducting magnetic balls. 

But if we would not want to make spacecraft, what has the ability to create the antimatter itself, we can play with some balls. If those balls are extremely low temperature, they would be superconducting, and that antimatter storage would not need an external power source.

This system has given an idea for "Teller's bomb". The satellite, what will store the ball, which involves the antimatter in the thermos bottle, and then it will shoot that ball to the target. When the ball will impact, the core will turn to pancake, and then the antimatter would contact the material.

The antimatter would be stored in the magnetic balls at the place, where it will produce, and then those balls will transfer to the spacecraft, and after that, it will just break. And that would make the antimatter contact with the material, and sometimes there have been plans to use the abrasive blast to that thing.

The sand or snow or another kind of dust would target the magnetic ball, what is made by using iron, and at the first laser or some other electromagnetic radiation would break the core of that ball, and then the dust will blow to the antimatter. The thing is that the magnetic iron ball would keep the anti-matter ions away from the core of that ball.

Could the Jedi be possible in the future?

Could the Jedi be possible in the future?

https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/

Could the fictional Jedi force created by using the technical equipment?

In fact, if we are looking at the so-called "Jedi skills", we should think, where those skills would have the effect. If the effect of the Jedi-skills like the force would be used only the materials, that are steel or other magnetic metals, that kind of skills might cause just only the voltage, that is coming from the nervous system of the Jedi. The magnetic field can also induce the magnetic field in the nervous system of other people, that means that the Jedi could use this effect when that character would take other people under the control.

In this case, the "Jedi force" is coming from the nervous system of the creature, and the reason for that is the very high number of mitochondria in the neurons. The neuron would have so many mitochondria, that they can create the magnetic field, which can raise the objects to air. But this means that the neurons must have a very high number of mitochondria, or the Jedi might have the electric equipment, which will make the very high power magnetic field possible.

When we are thinking about the creatures, that would crush the objects by using the force, we must realize that by connecting the person to the network, where that inmate can control the satellites and other things, what can use targeted magnetic ray, that "Jedi force" can be created by using technical equipment.  The idea is that Jedi uses some kind of technical equipment for creating the magnetic field, what will make the "Jedi force" possible.

The Jedi effect could be made by using a magnetic field. 

That "Jedi effect" would be made by loading the magnet field to the metal object, and then the other magnet field, what might have the same polarity. Would just crush the object by using the magnetic rejection, what will in this case just crush the cores of the object cave in, and that reaction can be made in a laboratory, where the magnets would crush the target by using the same polarity, what is loaded to the piece.

But then we must ask the question, would the robot have this kind of force? The question is that if the robot would have nuclear batteries and it is controlled by a human, that system might have the same force with Jedi, and it would be more believable than the human, what would be like some Jedi.

The thing is that sometimes I have thought that if the person would have the implanted circuit in the nervous system, what would able to communicate with the satellites, would that kind of effect be possible to create with the technical devices. That means the person would ask the satellites to target the person by using the implanted communication device, and then the satellite would target the magnetic ray to the point, where the "Jedi" would point the finger. And this thing would be possible in the distant future.

The crimes are transferring to the Internet

https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/

The crimes are transferring to the Internet

Modern bank robberies would not rob banks by treating people with assault rifles. They use electronic data routes, and that thing would make possible to earn even billions of euros in a couple of minutes, and then leave the area by leaving no trace.

The idea of this kind of attack is that every each bank account would be taken only a couple of euros, and that money would transfer to the certain bank accounts. The sum, what those people would take will be so little, that the individual people would not recognize that there would be the robbery.

The bank robbery can happen remotely. 

They would not follow a couple of euros, and that means that the bad guys can steal even billions because they steal little money, but the number of accounts is very large. If the person would steal a couple of euros from million of bank accounts that would mean a couple of million euros transfer of money to the account of that person.

But those persons can be very dangerous. If those hackers would get passwords without violence, that means that they could get very little punishment about their crimes. In the real world in that kind of crimes would involve things like hostage situations and blackmail.

Even if the hackers would not violent themselves, the persons who are behind that kind of operations might be really dangerous. They can threaten the family of the key persons, that they would give the passwords to the criminals, who would transform the money into their accounts.

Terrorists can also benefit the Internet in their operations

Terrorists can benefit the Internet as a communication channel. But the Internet allows very potential operation area for some kind of data viruses, which can format the databases of the computers. That thing might seem very harmless action. But if the databases of the computers of the ships or the airfield would be deleted, could the result be devastating. If the computers would not have a database, they would not able to control the systems.

And that means that the automatized landing procedures are not able to control devices how they should. If the database of the autopilot would not know, how to drive some route, and that would cause the crashes. The thing is that some hackers would program the logic bomb what is the computer virus, which will be activated in the certain day. That thing is that if the person would not pay the prize, the virus will be activated.

In the worst situation, that kind of strike would be targeted to nuclear power plants. Or otherwise, those terrorists would destroy the databases, what involve the information of the blood types of people. And in that case, the results can be devastating. Of course, some hackers can also mess the entire traffic system by turning all lights green at the same time, and that thing can cause accidents, what will cost lives.

The traffic chaos caused by the multiple cars smashes can also slow things like ambulances in the critical moments. if the attack is targeted to electric support, that can cause very bad situations in places like hospitals and prisons. In fact, that kind of things can be very dramatic, if the entire electric network would shut down, many of the vital functions in western society will be facing collapse. And use your own imagination, if the power system would shut down, telephones and the Internet don't work, and every single vehicle, what uses the electricity would not operate a long time, because they cannot load from the loading stations.

Computer viruses can terminate the entire command system

The computer viruses can slip in the data network, and that thing would cause terrible damages if it activates at the same time when the enemy is attacking. That kind of viruses can destroy temporary the data systems of the communication satellites, and rebooting those computers and switching to a backup system would cost a couple of important minutes, and that is a very long time during the missile attack.

But if the system's databases would be destroyed that IFF (Identification Friend or Foe) cannot separate own aircraft and ground troops from the enemy. This means that the fire support will target their own troops. That can be very devastating for own troops because the aircraft cannot give fire support and their own anti-aircraft missiles and cannons would shoot own aircraft.

Computers are in a vital role in military communication

Military communication systems including satellites are in the extremely important role in controlling the military operations. The drones and need for ammunition are transmitting by using a global communication system, which allows the headquarters to communicate straight with the field troops. The system what is basically similar to the normal Internet shares text, images, films, maps and other important data for the field operatives, and without computers that communication is impossible. And also coding the speak, and transforming the speak to text, where the operators can see, what has been talked needs computers. And without computers, those systems would be unable to operate.

Around the Earth is orbiting multiple communication satellites. Those satellites connect the information, what the intelligence collects by using spies, reconnaissance aircraft and sensors, what would be the position, where radio signals are coming. If the command system would not get that data, it cannot target the airstrikes and other use of fire in the right position.

That system is extremely important when the tactical information is shared between the field troops and headquarters, which will target the airstrikes in the right positions at the right time. But that satellite system is communicating with the nuclear submarines and other particles of the nuclear strike capacity, and that means that in the critical moment the nuclear missiles would not get the launching codes if those satellites will not able to communicate with the nuclear missile launching systems.

Problem with space crab and EMP weapons

Problem with space crab and EMP weapons

The space crab is a problematic thing in the world of science and technology, and the most problematic thing in the orbiting trajectory is the small size debris, what is hard to detect by using radars and optical sensors. The big size particles like empty rocket stages can detect from the Earth and the trajectory of the satellites can be changed before they hit to that particle.

The ASAT (Anti Satellite Weapon) tests are making very much debris if the satellite is smashed by using kinetic energy projectiles. One of the first versions of ASAT and ABM (Anti-Ballistic Missile) weapons is simply the rocket, what upper stage or cargo bay is loaded with the steel balls, what are used in the bearings, and then that rocket would shoot opposite way to the trajectory of the ballistic missile.

The explosive cartridge what is behind those steel balls or projectiles is shooting them against the ballistic missiles. The impact energy of those projectiles, which is impacting with incoming warheads with 40 000 kilometers per hour is extremely high, and that can cause the heat, what would detonate also the warhead, or if it would just crush the warhead in many pieces the plutonium would drop to the Earth.

But this kind of systems is really easy to produce. If one single projectile hits the incoming warhead, it would destroy the warhead immediately. The same weapon has been planned to use against satellites, but the problem is that if the satellite would explode in pieces, and a similar thing would happen to the ballistic missiles, and that makes the trajectory unable to use for years. And either the own missiles and satellites cannot use that trajectory.

Another way is to use high-power EMP-pulse against those targets, and the purpose of that pulse is to make the satellite unable to operate, but the core of it would stay in one piece. The EMP weapons that are created for that kind of missions can be based on similar technology, what is used in the HPM (high-power microwave) bomb. This weapon can also transmit normal radio-waves, which can destroy the electronic components, but the core of the target remains in one piece.

https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/munitions/hpm.htm

That kind of high-power electromagnetic weapon can cause the detonation of the nuclear missile because the energy-level in the radioactive material will increase, and the nails of the explosion segments in the fission bomb can also detonate because in the wires of that system will be inducted the electricity. And this might cause that the thermonuclear weapon will be detonated. In some scenarios, this kind of weapons can be used to detonate the nuclear warheads in the silos, by causing induction to the electricity to the wires, what mission is to detonate the primary detonators of the fission warhead.

The problem with missiles is that the warning time against them is so short, that there is no time to target the weapons to them, and the problem is also to make sure that the electronics of that missile have been destroyed. But the warhead can still explode if it would hit to ground in one piece because the impact energy itself can start the nuclear fission in the plutonium of the small fission bomb, what is used to detonate the thermonuclear weapon.

Another version of this kind of weapon is to create the high-power electric arc in the route of a ballistic missile, and the high voltage electromagnetic radiation would in the worst case cause that the warheads would explode because the energy load would target those nuclear particles and cause the fission. The system is actually the variant of the nuclear weapons, what is created for destroying the ballistic missiles. Those counter-nuclear weapons are actually the same ballistic missiles, what is used in a different way.

The hydrogen bombs are detonated in the route of incoming missiles, and even the detonation would happen in the middle of the missile swarm or otherwise in the right distance from the incoming warheads, the radiation and the extremely hot fireball would destroy the entire swarm of thermonuclear weapons. But the EMP pulse can destroy the communication networks on the ground, and the explosion would form the plasma-shield in the atmosphere, what denies the working of the GPS-systems and communication equipment.