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Another state of condensate "Rydberg polaron".

 Another state of condensate "Rydberg polaron".





Image I


"Schematic showing a Rydberg polaron. Strontium atoms (in yellow) fit inside the orbit between the nucleus (in red) and the electron (in blue) of a Rydberg atom" (Wikipedia, Rydberg polaron).


Rydberg polaron is one state of ions and in that case, one heavier atom would collect lighter atoms orbiting it. That thing creates the super atom, where the lighter atoms are acting like electrons around one giant atom. Or the heaviest atom would act as the nucleus of a super-atom. And that super atom can be formed also in the low temperatures like Bose-Einstein condensate, but the thing is that Rydberg polaron would be formed in theory also at room temperature. 





Image II


"Quantum tunneling through a barrier. The energy of the tunneled particle is the same but the probability amplitude is decreased". (Wikipedia, Quantum tunneling)


The Rydberg polaron can theoretically be formed by using the electromagnetic ray, which would be targeted to the heavy stable atom, and the increasing power of the electromagnetic field could capture the lighter atoms, what means that the Rydberg polaron could be possible in the room temperature, but the thing is that the increasing the energy level of the heavy particles like Krypton atom, and that would pull the things like hydrogen atoms to orbit it. In theory, this kind of artificial superatoms can form the normal-looking ionic bonds and material layers. So what makes this kind of extremely large atoms interesting. 





Image III


A simulation of a wave packet incident on a potential barrier. In relative units, the barrier energy is 20, greater than the mean wave packet energy of 14. A portion of the wave packet passes through the barrier. (Wikipedia, Quantum barrier)


Quantum tunneling 


Quantum tunneling means that when the wavepacket hits the potential barrier, it would echo back, but on the other side of the potential barrier would the "ghost" packet continue its journey. The idea of quantum tunneling is the same when somebody would hit the physical wall. 


When the thing would hit the wall, the people would hear that thing on the other side of it. The same way another wave movement would act when it would hit the potential wall. 


When the wave packet would hit the potential wall, it would transmit it's energy to the wall, and then the energy would be transmitted to the other side of the wall. The same way the hitting the wall makes that the energy of the impact will travel through the wall, and then it would turn to the sound wave. 




Image IV


"An electron wavepacket is directed at a potential barrier. Note the dim spot on the right that represents tunneling electrons". (Wikipedia, Quantum tunneling)


Physical tunneling is a little bit different thing than quantum tunneling.


In the same ways as Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) the Rydberg polaron can have the ability called "tunneling". Term tunneling means that those atoms can travel through walls, and that means that if we would create a machine, what is formed by Bose-Einstein condensate or Rydberg polaron that machine can travel through the walls. The reason for that effect is that the atoms in those states are extremely large, and when the material hits the wall, the atoms would turn smaller. 


Bose-Einstein condensate: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bose%E2%80%93Einstein_condensate


Quantum tunneling: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_tunnelling


Rydberg atoms: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rydberg_atom


Rydberg polaron: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rydberg_polaron


Image I: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rydberg_polaron


Image II: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_tunnelling


Image III: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_tunnelling


Image IV:  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_tunnelling

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