Viruses, strangest organisms on Earth
Billions of years ago for some reason, one little bite of genomes released to the ocean. That genome bite took some cells under the control, and that was the beginning of the viruses, the smallest possible organisms, what are found on Earth. Viruses are at the border of the living and non-living world, and those creatures are only the protein core, where is genome inside it. The reason, why I think that there must be a cell before viruses are starting to form is that viruses need the cell to produce copies of them.
It is also spirochetes(1) in nature. Originally that term meant the organism, what had own metabolism but it needed cells to create descendants. But then researchers noticed that also normal bacteria can pump their genomes in other bacteria, and that's why the bacteria like streptococcus must be called as spirochaetes. Spirochaetes have bacteria or virus mode, and sometimes it means the bacteria, which can remove the nucleus from other bacteria, and pump its genomes to that cell.
Spirochaetes(1) are organisms that are between viruses and bacteria, which means that they can swim like amoeba to the cell, and then pump their genomes to the cell. That means that spirochaetes have own metabolism, but they can create descendants or infect other cells to make the next generations of them. Sometimes bacteria can change genomes over the border of the species, and that means that sometimes the researchers have claimed that every bacteria are spirochaetes, and the term means only spiral-shaped bacteria like syphilis.
But why bacteria can change genomes? The reason for that is bacteriophages. Those tiny viruses, what are also friends of humans, because they are destroying bacteria, which can cause a deadly infection are the reasons, why the antibiotics are losing their power and turn to ineffective. So the bacteriophages are the friend and enemy at the same time. The ability to change genetic material makes some bacteria like streptococcus able to cause angina generations after each other. And this is one of the most interesting things in nature.
Chancing of genomes is causing that the bacteria can be hybridized with other bacteria and cells. And this guarantees that bacteria would stay alive, even if some species turn immune against it. The next bacteria would take its place, and that guarantees that the medical laboratories have work to do also in the future when they must develop new antibiotics. The advancing process of the bacteria never ends, and there is always new bacteria, which need new antibiotics.
Bacteriophages are viruses that are infecting bacteria, and this is the thing, that makes bacteria transform so fast. If they would not do that the bacteriophages can destroy the entire population. For avoiding the infection of those viruses, what is destroying bacteria, they have many nuclei. When the virus infects the nucleus, bacteria just remove that part of it. This would transform the bacteria possible because the genomes are mixing in that process. That process is very fast, which means that bacteria are advancing all the time.
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