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Supercritical fluid

 



Supercritical fluid 


In the beginning, I must say, that water is not only supercritical fluid (1) in the world. Supercritical water or rather saying supercritical fluid is one of the solutions, which might affect climate chancing. The supercritical water is boiled to an extremely high temperature in the very high pressure. That thing can turn the water to the form, which is at the same time liquid and vapor. The critical temperature of the water is 374 Celsius and the pressure 22 MPa, and that thing could make the turbines more powerful and effective if that kind of steam would conduct to the turbines. 


So in this type of high-pressure system, the steam would be replaced by using the supercritical fluid, which is boiled to a higher temperature in the very high pressure, which is upper than the minimum critical point. So how this kind of system is working? The answer is that the circuit, where the water is flowing would have the base pressure, what is very high, and then that water is traveling through the grate. 


The system is similar, which is used in the nuclear reactor primary circuit. In the nuclear power plants, the high-pressure water would conduct to the heat exchanger, where it delivers its heat energy to the secondary circuit. The reason for that is that the primary circuit is touching with very high radioactive elements.  


What if the tubes in the power plant would be closed to the vacuum, which denies the transferring heat to the atmosphere. 


But if that kind of system is used in the normal powerplants, what are using natural gas or maybe in future hydrogen, there is possible to use only one circuit of water. In this kind of system the supercritical fluid, what is boiled in the gas oven would conduct the turbines, and that thing can create more power with less fuel. 


And at this point, I must say that there is no experience with this kind of powerplants and high-pressure water systems. This kind of system can be more effective than normal steam-based systems, because the supercritical fluid is thicker, and that makes gives it more kinetic energy than if the system uses normal steam. 


Another thing that can increase the energy economy of the power plants is to use the thermos solution in the tubes of the power plants. That thing means that every single tube, where moves hot water should be closed in the vacuum. This kind of thing would deny the movement of the heat to the air, and that is another thing, that will decrease the need to use the fuel, and that decreases also the waste. 


(1) https://energyeducation.ca/encyclopedia/Supercritical_fluid


https://courses.lumenlearning.com/introchem/chapter/supercritical-fluids/


Image: https://scx2.b-cdn.net/gfx/news/hires/2017/powerplant.jpg

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