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About abiogenesis and the first organisms on Earth


 

Diagram of a typical prokaryotic organism


(Wikipedia)


About abiogenesis and the first organisms on Earth


The first organisms on earth started to live in the environment, where oxygen was in chemical combinations like water, nitrogen oxides, and minerals. So, when the first organism formed on Earth there was no oxygen in air or free oxygen was not either in the sea. The environment was hostile if we think it from our point, but for those Cambrian (1) organisms, the earth was paradise. 


So the thing is that the first prokaryotic cells(2) got the energy from the volcanic heat near some underwater geysers. And the thing is that the free oxygen was poison for those organisms. When the first cells, what had could use photosynthesis for creating energy started to produce too much oxygen to water, that thing caused the first extinction in the Cambrian sea. 


But the thing that caused the first extinction was that the oxygen level of the sea turned too high. Free oxygen is poison for the anaerobic organisms because it will accelerate the chemical reactions of those cells. 


Modern bacteria can turn their metabolism to aerobic, but the Cambrian bacteria that were ever faced free oxygen didn't have the same ability. The anaerobic organism separates the air from the chemical combinations. And free oxygen causes the chemical process of mitochondria to turn too fast, and it burns the organism because the rising temperature denies the proper function of proteins. 


Proteins are complicated molecules, which requires exactly the right temperature and chemical environment for forming. If conditions in the chemical environment are too acid or alkaline or temperature is too high, what causes too fast reaction forming of the protein turns impossible. And that causes harm or even destroys the cell. 


The free oxygen, what released to the sea caused the organisms what were lived in the anaerobic conditions just burned. their metabolism accelerated too high, and then the cells were dead. So at this point, we must say that the abiogenesis (3) formed the first cells also on Earth. The thing that caused that the cells and organisms started to turn more complicated was that the complicated cells with many layers were more resistant against the effect of the environment than simple cells, which genomes were freely inside the cell bag. 


(1) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambrian


(2) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prokaryote


(3) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiogenesis


Image: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Prokaryote_cell.svg

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