What if we would want to establish the base on the surface of Mars or orbiting trajectory?

What if we would want to establish the base on the surface of Mars or orbiting trajectory?

Planet Mars seems an interesting place for the base, but the thing is that there are lots of problems with the long-term staying on that planet, and one of them is a weak gravity. As well as the strange space station concept, what is called "Solar Warden" has problems with the artificial gravity, because if we would think that those crews should someday return to Earth, the weak gravity in those stations would make the muscles of the crew members very weak.

So if the persons would want to live a long time in the space they would need so-called sumo-suits for keeping their muscles strong, and they should eat very much calcium for keeping their bones strong. This is the main problem in every simulation of the space station on another planet. And that kind of station is expensive operations. They should benefit the investors somehow, and that's why the artificial worlds, what was planned by Dr. Gerald O'Neill (1927-1991) in the 1970s are also a sophisticated solution for supporting the space industry.

But if the bones and muscles get weak, that thing means that the staff must be in that space station only short-term periods, but the problem is that there must need lots of people in those space stations. And traveling between Earth and those gigantic spacecraft would be expensive. So another solution would be that the crew just leaves to those space stations the rest of their life, and the third is creating artificial gravity what is strong enough that it allows a return to Earth.

Because of the gravity is too weak, the returning causes pain to those people. That's why this kind of thing must consider in the long-term space explorations. If we are planning the space station, what would make the artificial gravity by using the rotation movement, that thing would seem very effective and also very comfortable for making the artificial gravity field.

The thing, that would cause problems is that the rotation movement of the space station should be very high, because of the centrifugal force must be extremely high, that it can create artificial gravity. And in this situation, the rotation speed would rip the station in pieces, which might be one of the biggest hazards in the mission.

But there are some calculations, that the cylinder-shaped space station would reach the speed, what is high enough for causing a similar gravity with Earth, and that thing could be one of the most enormous machines, what human has ever created. If we are thinking that kind of artificial world, what could seem like some kind of city inside it, that thing could revolutionize the production in the space or zero atmospheric and zero-gravity space.

The zero-gravity factory would set in the middle of the cylinder, where are the zero-gravity conditions. And then the air inside the factory would be pumped out. That would create a vacuum inside it, and it can offer stable and balanced space for creating things, where is needed extremely high accuracy. This kind of artificial world can someday revolutionize the production of the materials and nanomachines. But creating this kind of station would be the long term process.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerard_K._O%27Neill

http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/crux/2014/09/08/where-build-off-world-colonies/?utm_source=dscfb&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=dscfb#.XaBKXf2U-dM

https://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/today-in-history/gerard-oneills-utopian-space-colony-fantasy-was-a-view-too-far-for-nonbelievers/news-story/de14846cbe46fb4da115a24ed55c3aa0