Skip to main content

Enzymes are extremely complicated molecules.

    


The enzyme glucosidase converts the sugar maltose into two glucose sugars. Active site residues in red, maltose substrate in black, and NAD cofactor in yellow. (PDB: 1OBB​)


The enzymatic reactions control many things in our body and other living organisms. The complicated structures of enzyme molecules are one of the reasons why new and more powerful supercomputers are created. Enzymes are biological catalysts. They are accelerating chemical reactions. 

Making simulations of the reactions between enzymes and enzyme-protein reactions require extremely powerful computers. I know that many enzymes are proteins. But here I use the term protein for macromolecules that are forming cell cores. 

 Many actors affect the enzymatic reactions. The PH-value, pressure, and temperature are the thing that affects the structure of the enzyme. When the temperature rises that affects the reactive structures of enzymes. And also when the size of an enzyme is changing. 

So when the form of enzyme changes takes a different number of active molecules. The active molecules are the things that are making the chemical reactor. An enzyme is the background actor or activator for those reactions. 

The size of the layer of the enzyme is also chancing. That changes the catalytic process of the enzymes. 

The idea to use sound to control the enzymatic reactions is interesting. The coherent extremely thin soundwaves can use to turn the enzymes in the right position. In those pressure-based systems series of the air, molecules will shoot to the enzymes. 

And that should turn them to the other side. The thing is that the laser systems can affect the temperature of the enzymes. And the change in temperature level can change their chemical abilities. 

Enzymes are ultimate tools for many purposes from medical to nanotechnology. Human and other animals' glandular cells produce many enzymes and researchers can clone those cells. But when the systems are making new enzymes and control their interactions. In those reactions, the systems must control the physical and chemical environment extremely carefully. If there is some error in those environments those enzymes are acting the wrong way. 

In our body enzymes are cutting long protein fibers. And that makes them very important for us. The immune cells use enzymes to destroy harmful organisms. The reason why the immune defense uses enzymes is that they are easier to control. If some enzymes are used to destroy bacteria. Not neutralized immediately after they did their work. They can make a very lot of damage. 

https://scitechdaily.com/using-sound-to-control-enzymatic-reactions/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cofactor_(biochemistry)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucosidases

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maltose

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotinamide_adenine_dinucleotide

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein

https://writingsaboutmysteries.blogspot.com/

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Antimatter motor

Antimatter motor Antimatter would be an effective fuel for interstellar spacecraft Antimatter would be the most effective power source in the world. It will be the most suitable motor for interstellar spacecraft, but the problem is that thing is very reactive. And actually one of the biggest problems with this kind of motor is that the gram of antimatter would turn the entire planet to the molecular nebula. So this kind of motor can produce only outside of our solar system. Producing antimatter would need large particle accelerators, and that kind of systems might look like giant donuts, what is floating on the space. There are two ways to create the antimatter motor, one is to store the anti-ions in the magnetic bottle, where the pushing magnetic field will keep those ions away from the wall of the bottle, and then the antimatter would conduct to the water or some other particle. The huge explosion or annihilation reaction would send the rocket to a very high speed. The antimatt...

Thoughts about strong leadership

Thoughts about strong leadership Everybody knows, how the dictators would rise in the power of the nation, and the thing what makes people supporting those persons is that they offer strong leadership as the way to make nation proud. And also they have always the same parroting, the foreigners and other nations have a too strong influence in the country. But what makes those persons like some Robert Mugabe or Kim Jong Un to think that they are only possible leaders, and why people would need them? Why there is nobody else allowed to try to come to the head of the state, or even try to challenge those leaders? If they are so popular as they want people to think or believe, why they don't tolerate any kind of opposition if they are done so good and big actions for their people, that they are celebrated in every home in their country. The thing that would return the morale and spine for the nation is the strong leader, who would put the state back in order and row. The thing is ...

Next-generation nanotechnology can be independent-operating molecule-sized robots.

 Next-generation nanotechnology can be independent-operating molecule-sized robots. "A DNAzyme (red) uses its binding arms to dock at a specific location on an RNA strand (yellow) and then cleaves it at its core. High-resolution, real-time NMR, Electron Paramagnetic Resonance, and Fluorescence Spectroscopy." "As well as Molecular Dynamics Simulations are used to identify the structure. And catalytic mechanisms of the DNAzyme. Credit: HHU/Manuel Etzkorn" (https://scitechdaily.com/dnazymes-how-active-dna-biocatalysts-that-destroy-unwanted-rna-molecules-work/) The active DNA catalysts are the gate to DNA-controlled, independently-operating, molecular-size nanomachines.  The DNAzymes or active DNA biocatalysts are next-generation tools for destroying unwanted RNA. The DNA molecule is one of the tools. That can use for controlling molecular-size machines. DNA is like a chemical computer program. And if the researchers can make synthetic DNA that can make exactly what the...