Short writing about the ultra-fast flying machines.
Ramjets(1)
When we are thinking about the ramjets and other hypersonic engines, the problem with those engines is that they must get enough speed before the fuel injection starts. Those engines are only tubes, where is no supercharger or other moving parts in that thing. Those systems need a certain speed for creating enough pressure and temperature for inflaming the fuel.
The speed of that thing is mentioned to be something between 650 to 1000 kilometers per hour. And here I must say that the speed of Mach I is normally used speed when the fuel injection to the motor will be started. That will make sure that the system will start to burn fuel. In those high-speed systems, normal fuel is hydrogen, which is high inflamed material. The pollution of those systems is only water, and that makes hydrogen promising fuel for high-speed aviation.
There have been tested also turbine-ramjets(2), but those engines have problems with the rotating speed of the turbine because high speeds like Mach 4-5 are causing that the turbine rotor would start to rotate so fast. And also rocket-hybrid versions of ramjets are created. In those motors is normally flaps ahead of the engine, which closes the intake hole, and then the oxygen would start to inject to the motor from internal tanks.
Regular ramjets need about the speed of Mach 1 for starting, and in some airplane designs, the speed of the aircraft would be accelerated by using regular turbojets. Then the flap would close the engine. compressors face, that it would not start to rotate too fast. Regular ramjet engines are effective for the speed of Mach 6, and then the system can turn to use scramjets. That thing is the ramjet engine, which is specially designed to reach extremely hypersonic speed. Those engines can be started only when the speed of Mach 5 has been reached, and that thing makes those engines difficult to create.
Scramjets (3)
When we are thinking about the structure of the scramjet engine, they are only tubes, where is the curve, what mission is to heat the air. The thing, that makes the creation of this kind of engines really interesting is that they allow extremely high-speed flight in the atmosphere and that increases the payload of the craft. The rocket engine needs internal storage for the oxygenase element. And if the oxygen can be taken from the air, that thing can release the room for cargo.
There is a possibility to make a scramjet engine, where is the smaller air inlet than exhaust tube, and if inside the motor is the iron or carbon fiber wire, that thing can make the fundamental concept for the high-speed flight. Carbon fiber allows us to increase the temperature of this structure, and the electric resistors can also use to warm this structure. Also, the hydrogen can inject the engine from ahead and that will make possible to make the engine more effective. There might be many lines of those wires in the engine, which makes sure that ignition will be made at the right point.
The wire would warm when the high-speed air goes through the air channel and that thing can ignite the fuel at the right point. But when we are thinking about the acceleration of the speed of that kind of aircraft, at the first the ramjet or scramjet engine can operate as a normal rocket. In this model in the combustion chamber would inject fuel, which could be hydrogen and pressurized air, which makes that motor acting like a rocket.
And when the speed of the vehicle is rise high enough the flap ahead it will open, and the system can let the air flowing inside it. This kind of craft can also rise above the atmosphere and in that case, it can turn to use internal oxygen for its motors. The electricity for craft can be made by using a windmill turbogenerator or fuel cells. And that thing is needed for the avionics and other computer systems of the aircraft.
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