The new microwave weapon can knock drones out of the skies.

Image 1) 

Drones are a big problem for infantry and all other things. The kamikaze drones can eliminate all persons and penetrate through personal armor. And they are the size of a thermos bottle. Those drones can hide in the masked fire stations that can look like a birdhouse. 

And operators can control them over the internet. The quadcopters can carry small bombs like hand grenades or small-size heat warheads that are looking a little bit like WW2 German hand grenades. 

The "Switchblade" drones can drop from bombers and even satellites. And that thing gives the B-2 and future B-21 bombers unbelievable accuracy. 

Those heat ammunition might not destroy things like main battle tanks. But for the tankers and trucks, those systems can be dangerous. The drones can also carry things like Javelin missiles. And that makes them dangerous for all kinds of armored vehicles. If that kind of drone would be in the wrong hands. it might be dangerous for things like limousines. 

Small-size drones can also be equipped with assault weapons like shotguns or rifles. The microwave weapons can knock the drone swarms out from the skies. But the problem is how to detect those drones? Even the shotgun shot can destroy a quadcopter and the small microwave weapons are also effective. 

The ECM systems can also deny internal communication in the drone swarms. The microwave systems are effective tools. Because they can use to terminate multiple drones at the same time. The microwave systems can operate for a long time and destroy all drones that are in their range. 

But the fact is that. Drones are here to stay. The things like anti-aircraft missiles are claimed to end the air forces. Or at least the end of helicopters. And the portable anti-tank missiles caused the prediction that the tanks are history. But still, tanks are in use. The microwave systems can install in aircraft, satellite or ground stations, and ships. 

They are not removing the threat of drones. But they can make it easier to defend targets against those cheap and deadly actors that can be next-generation tools for governmental actors but also terrorists and other criminals can use those drones in a deadly way. 

The thing is that the killer drones are extremely dangerous in the wrong hands. And even regular criminals can equip quadcopters with explosives or sub-machine guns. So people must be prepared for that kind of threat. 

Image 1) https://wonderfulengineering.com/this-new-mobile-weapon-system-can-kill-entire-swarms-of-drones/

B-21 Raider will be grounded until the next year.

The maiden flight of the B-21 Raider stealth bomber will not happen until the year 2023. The fact is that this type of aircraft is protected by very large-scale security systems and security operations. The secrets of those stealth bombers are also big.

We all know that the shape of the stealth bomber makes it stealthy. In the same way, the Chinese can make a copy of the USAF B-2 and B-21 bombers by copying their shape to their stealth bombers. But we know that the more interesting parts of those bombers are the unseen parts. We should think like this. 

Only things that cannot hide are told to the public. Things like ELF (Extremely Low Frequency) radars are giving that aircraft capacity to find underground facilities and submerged submarines. The stealth bomber is entirety where the stealth missiles and bombs are filling the power. 

The stealth technology is useless if the enemy radars can get an echo from the cruise missiles or bombs that the stealth bombers use. If those drops are detected the system can send fighters to destroy the stealth bomber. 

And that means the USAF wants that all systems run fine until the crew can start test flights with that aircraft. The authorities must also be concerned about what details they want to show to the public audience. The thing is that the stealth bomber is one of the most capable and feared military tools in the world. 

The most heavily guarded secrets in the world are the support systems that are boosting the stealth capacity of the certain way-shaped structure. Also, things like survivability and rescue systems for the possible damage or airborne hit are secretive. The chemical structures of stealth materials are also secretive if the aircraft is damaged or fell from the sky. The rescue crew must collect all parts of the debris that the damage released. 

There could be fundamental printers. That can fix holes in the aircraft's body while it flies. And those aircraft can be equipped with the systems that can cooperate with drone swarms. And microwave systems that can destroy both incoming missiles and drone swarms. 

https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/b-21-raider-first-flight-has-been-grounded-until-2023

Vladimir Putin claims that Russia has a laser weapon that can blind satellites and burn holes in them in five seconds.

  

Image 1)

The fact is that these kinds of claims and speculations have introduced in the Soviet era. At that time. There were rumors that the Soviets have massive laser stations near Moscow. And the DOD artwork introduced speculations. About what this type of laser station might look like. 

There were a couple of incidents where the Soviets targeted satellites by using lasers for covering their secrets. The satellites were not blinded completely and the laser ray just disturbed the photo-recon satellites. The things like CCD cameras and computer-aided photography decrease laser rays' effect. The CCD camera sends images to the computer by using all pixel groups separately. 

And all pixel groups are sensitive to a certain wavelength of light. So the system connects the image by using multiple separate images. And the computer can remove the wavelengths of the laser rays. The weakness of the laser ray is it has only one wavelength. And the system can remove the frequency of those laser rays quite easily. But the thing is that the laser systems that can destroy satellites are existing or under development. 

Image 2)

The new laser systems are impressive weapons. 

New laser systems can destroy multiple 60 mm. mortar ammunition. So they can protect all non-armored or armored vehicles and headquarters. They can use to defend things like GPS and other satellites. The laser system can also use in an offensive role. The same satellite that uses the laser weapon for defending itself against kinetic energy missiles can use to destroy other satellites. 

Raytheon system is tested Stryker-mounted laser systems that can take out 60 mm. mortar rounds and small and large drones. Those systems can also incoming antitank missiles. And they can be the next-generation tank-defense systems.

 But the same laser system can also install on the satellites. And it can use for both offensive and defensive roles. If a similar laser weapon. That mounted on Stryker will be installed in satellites that system can destroy incoming kinetic energy ASAT (Anti-Satellite Systems). 

The fact is that the small land vehicles, helicopters, and aircraft have laser weapons that can destroy the drones or even larger aircraft. Laser rays are also powerful tools against enemy soldiers. When a high-power laser impacts the body of the person that causes hydrostatic shock because cells are exploding. 

https://interestingengineering.com/stryker-mounted-laser-drones

https://www.pcmag.com/news/russia-claims-its-peresvet-laser-weapon-can-blind-satellites-burn-drones

Image 1:) https://www.gizmodo.com.au/2013/11/10-cold-war-weapons-that-terrified-us-military-intelligence/

Image 2:)  https://interestingengineering.com/stryker-mounted-laser-drones

https://interestandinnovation.blogspot.com/

There are two speeds of sound on the planet Mars.

 

Image: BigThink/ No music on Mars: Sound is different on the red planet

If we will put the microphone in a chamber and there is similar gas pressure and gas mixture with the atmosphere of the planet Mars, we could make fundamental acoustic sensors. That system makes it easier to separate low- and high-pritch acoustic waves from each other. These kinds of sensors can use to detect seismic sounds. And it can also separate the sources of the sounds. 

There would be no music on planet Mars. The reason for that is this. Low-pritch and high-pritch sound waves travel at two different speeds. 

On ScitechDaily, the speed of sound on planet Mars is described like this. "On Mars-planet, low-pitched sounds travel at about 240 meters per second, while higher-pitched sounds move at 250 meters per second". But what would somebody make with the speed of sound on another planet? 

The fact is that this kind of information can be useful when researchers are making sensors that mission is to separate different sound sources from each other. In that kind of system, the microphones will be in a chamber where is similar gas pressure and gas mixture that is in the atmosphere of planet Mars. 

And that gas mixture will make it possible to separate the low- and high pitched sounds from each other. That thing can make it possible to create new types of acoustic analysis systems. Those systems can use to analyze the type of things that are making the sound. 

https://bigthink.com/hard-science/mars-sounds-music/

https://scitechdaily.com/variable-speed-of-sound-on-mars-what-sounds-captured-by-nasa-perseverance-rover-reveal-about-the-red-planet/#:~:text=On%20Earth%2C%20sounds%20typically%20travel%20at%20767%20mph,effect%20of%20the%20thin%2C%20cold%2C%20carbon%20dioxide%20atmosphere.

Image: https://bigthink.com/hard-science/mars-sounds-music/

https://artificialintelligenceandindividuals.blogspot.com/

Flying wings are coming.

Computer-Generated Image of China's Xian H-20 Stealth Bomber. Image Credit: Creative Commons.

Chinese H-20 and the USAF B-21 stealth bombers are both flying wings. The flying wing design makes those aircraft more economical. And they can carry more payload. Also, the economical flight makes them fly longer time before refueling. And along with stealth technology that makes those bombers very capable for global operations. 

The thing is that those aircraft can be very fast because they are aerodynamically very capable. Their shape is smooth. And the curves are soft. That allows the radio waves from the radars to slide over their body without causing an echo. The same way that shape makes air molecules travel over the bodies of those aircraft. 

There is the possibility that the magnetic field around those aircraft is boosting the stealth capacity of those super bombers. The magnetic stealth system acts as the Earth's magnetic field and pushes the radio waves away from the aircraft. The idea is that the radio waves pass that object without reflection. And that makes those aircraft invisible to radars.

The speed of stealth bombers is limited because the super- or even hypersonic flight causes sonic booms. The air cone of the supersonic flight makes those aircraft easier to detect. So the optimal speed of the stealth bomber is about Mach 0,9 or high subsonic. But there is the possibility that those aircraft have AI-based systems that limit the speed subsonic when those aircraft operate in stealth mode. 

There is the possibility that when stealth bombers are moving to operational areas they use afterburners or even ramjet or scramjet engines. Then the pilot just turns one button to "stealth" mode and then the system limits the speed of the stealth bomber that it flies at subsonic speed. There are only a few details published about those highly classified bombers. 

In the future, stealth bombers can jump out of the atmosphere and make so-called ballistic jumps. That allows them to move fast to operational areas. And there, those bombers can turn to use stealth mode while they are searching for enemies from that area. 

https://www.19fortyfive.com/2022/05/could-the-air-forces-b-21-raider-stealth-bomber-be-made-faster/

https://www.19fortyfive.com/2022/05/the-b-21-and-h-20-mean-the-age-of-flying-wing-bombers-has-arrived/

Image: https://www.19fortyfive.com/2022/05/the-b-21-and-h-20-mean-the-age-of-flying-wing-bombers-has-arrived/

https://interestandinnovation.blogspot.com/

 

New solar panels operate in the nighttime.

The new solar panels harvest energy from infrared light. That means they can use things like body temperature. For making electricity at night. The infrared-based solar panels can use any heat source for making electricity. 

They can connect to clothes. And infrared solar panels can create energy for the mobile telephone battery. But also microchips that are in the intelligent clothes can get energy from those infrared panels. 

But those systems can be even more capable if they are connected with bioluminescence light. The bioluminescence light can use also with regular solar panels. The idea is that the light that solar panels need will produce by using bioluminescence cells. 

Bioluminescence light can make it possible to create solar panels that work the nighttime. And bioluminescence light can also use in light amplifiers. 

The new solar panels can operate in the darkness. And they can create about 1/10 of the power that solar panels create during the daytime. The system is based that the starlight will put travel through the light amplifier. 

The problem with a light amplifier is that it requires electricity for its amplification unit. The light amplifier works like a laser. The light travels through the light and outcoming light will increase the power of the light. And that outcoming radiation is normally created by using led-lights. 

But biotechnology can also help in that thing. The light amplifier and solar panels can use also bioluminescence to create electricity. 

The bioluminescence light that is created by living bioluminescence cells can solve the problem of how to make the solar panel that operates at night time. Owls are the birds that are using the light amplifier. In the eye of its own is the channel surrounded by the bioluminescence cells. And that system works as biological light amplification. 

The bioluminescence cells can get from the deep-sea fishes. Those cells that are creating biological light can hybridize with bacteria. And those cells can produce light in the nighttime. The light that those bioluminescence cells form. Can be driven through the light amplification system.  That uses those shining cells to increase the power of light. 

The bioluminescence cells can also close in the chambers that are forming the laser ray. That laser ray can drive through the light amplifier. And it can make the solar panels operate at night time. The idea to use bioluminescence for that kind of system is that those cells don't require electricity. And the use of biological light denies the need to use electricity. That makes those systems very capable and they can feed things like miniature computers more effectively than systems that are basing traditional LED lights. 

https://www.euronews.com/green/2022/04/08/reverse-solar-panel-technology-still-works-when-the-sun-goes-down

https://onlyimaginationlimitsinnovation.blogspot.com/

The new biological microchips can revolutionize mobile technology.

The bacteria can use in self-repairing organic microchips. The use of living cells as the base of the new biological microchips is making it possible to create microchips that can implant into the human body. 

Genetic engineering makes it possible that the surface antigens of those living microchips are similar to their user's antigens. And that denies the immune reaction against those microchips. When we are thinking about the organic- self-assembling and self-repairing microchips we could install them in the nervous system by simply injecting those systems into the blood vessels. 

Then the encoded DNA would make those microchips swim to the right point of the nervous system. The use of implanted microchips is limitless. They can use to control mobile telephones or the pilot can control every system of the jet fighter by using brain implanted microchips. But the problem with regular microchips is that they need surgical operations. The self-assembling living microchips can simply inject into the body. 

They can take electricity from the nervous system. And communicate with other computers by using a high-tech bandanna. When those microchips are not needed anymore they can put themselves to pieces. And then those microchips can remove themselves automatically from the body.

The organic microchips are making it possible to use the cloned neurons in the devices. Living, cloned neurons are the same way fascinating tools in the computer sciences as some quantum computers are. Of course, living neurons require nutrients, but they can boost computing. 

Biological solar cells are the new area for biotechnology. And living cells are making it possible to create self-repairing biological robots. 

Along with chlorophyll-molecule-based solar cells that new biological system can be the next big step for computing. The biological microchips can get energy from biological solar cells. The biological solar cells can be self-repairing. In those systems, the chlorophyll is in small protein capsules. 

There is the possibility that genetic engineering makes it possible that the system can make those protein capsules automatically. And then another genetically engineered bacteria can inject chlorophyll molecule into that protein capsule. The microchip-controlled genetically engineered bacteria can make many very complicated things. So there is the possibility that those biological microchips are injected into bacteria for making them the biorobots. 

There is the possibility, that if some photosynthetic bacteria have two poles those bacteria can create electricity for nano-size microchips. That thing makes it possible to create self-assembling devices. The core of biological research and intelligence devices can be made by using chorale animals or some bamboo. The cells of the core make that structure able to repair itself. 

https://phys.org/news/2020-01-chlorophyll-molecule-key-solar-cells.html

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127520305177

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127520305177

https://scitechdaily.com/surprising-bacterial-nanowire-discovery-may-lead-to-living-and-self-repairing-electrical-circuits/

Image: http://archive.neural.it/init/default/show/1432

https://onlyimaginationlimitsinnovation.blogspot.com/

Why does Russian information warfare fail in Ukraine?

What is information warfare? Another name for psychological operations is a lie. The fake news and faked information have based on the idea that telling lies would help own side to get sympathy. 

So in psychological warfare things are told in a way that supports their side. The loss of trust is one way that makes the information operations fail. People should learn that they must be suspicious of all information shared in all kinds of media. Especially if information comes from the conflict area. In conflicts, there is a higher risk of faked information. 

We must remember all the time when we are reading some kind of information that we have a free press in the western world. But the situation is not the same in all nations. There are many countries where journalists are working under the observation of authorities. And in some countries, the laws are making it impossible to criticize governments. 

There are five ways in which psychological operations can fail. 

1) The information that is shared would not reach targets. 

2) People would not just trust information that is shared. 

3) People don't want to see the information. 

4) Information channel, like discussion forum, is hard to reach or it's banned. 

5) Information is not otherwise believable. 

The thing is that the Russians have used fake news all the time. And people might not believe information that Russian official media share anyway. Trust is the key element in information operations. And if the information operator is caught once from lies. That means the trust in the operator is gone for a long time. 

People would not want to see information that makes them feel uncomfortable. The best way to make people avoid information is just to share violent pictures and cheat individual people in those information channels. Also if the channel causes trouble that thing causes that people will start to avoid it. Things like the threat of violence are not making information trusted. One of the details of how to recognize the disinformation group is that they don't tolerate criticism. 

Or another than official opinions are not tolerated. If somebody says something against the official opinion that causes banning. 

That causes the effect that people would not even want to read and see the information that is shared on channels like discussion forums. And if people would feel that the information channel threats them. That thing causes the officials of hosts of the service will block that channel. 

And what is the not believable information? The information has no match in real life. Or the trick images are not made properly. Or it contains some details like some Superman from Marvel comics would come to fight with own troops. 

https://scitechdaily.com/research-exposes-long-term-failure-of-russian-propaganda-in-ukraine/

Image:

https://scitechdaily.com/research-exposes-long-term-failure-of-russian-propaganda-in-ukraine/

New winds of hypersonic flight.

Image 1) Artist's impression of Lockheed-Martin  SR-72

The purpose of test planes is to bring data for larger-scale systems. Data collected from hypersonic systems like miniature missiles, and test planes can research and develop for bigger. And more capable multi-use super- and hypersonic aircraft. Whenever some manned or unmanned aircraft goes to hypersonic areas the test unit brings information from that extreme area beyond the supersonic world. 

The Lockheed-Martin SR-72 hypersonic testbed brings vital information from the hypersonic world. Along with DARPA's hypersonic, scramjet-driven missile test unit. Those remote- or AI-controlled systems can make test flights safely. And that means there are more risks that those units can take. 

That is vital for the larger-size hypersonic aircraft. The large-size hypersonic aircraft can carry satellites to low earth orbiters. And they can also carry cargo and passengers all around the world very fast. 

Image 2) Artist's impression of DARPA's scramjet-driven missile concept

From the military perspective, hypersonic aircraft can operate in many roles. The high-speed bombers and attack aircraft are of course things that are in the mind of military personnel. 

That means the next-generation troop transporters can use hypersonic flight when they transport paratroops on long-distance flights. Then those aircraft can slow. And the paratroopers can jump out of the cabin. 

Hypersonic systems can flight long-distance flights by using hypersonic speed. And then they can slow their speed for delivering their cargo or make some other missions. Rumors tell that USAF already has hypersonic (Mach 6+) recon and maybe nuclear strike capable aircraft at least at the R&D stage. 

In some scenarios, the scramjet engines can install to a regular 6th. generation jet aircraft. Like auxiliary rockets installed in the space shuttle. When those engines are not needed anymore they can drop away. That concept means that the jet plane can fly to the operational area very fast, but then there that thing acts like a regular jet plane. 

But when we are talking about the internally fixed installed scramjet and ramjet engines. They will bring more capacity to all aircraft. And the most fascinating version of hypersonic aircraft is the space shuttles that accelerate at the Earth's atmosphere to a speed of Mach 12. And then they will jump out from the atmosphere. After that jump, they can turn to use rocket engines. 

Image 1) https://www.19fortyfive.com/2022/05/sr-72-the-air-forces-secret-plan-for-a-mach-6-bomber/

Image 2) https://www.defensenews.com/battlefield-tech/2022/05/09/darpa-maturing-scramjet-powered-hypersonic-weapon-concept-through-follow-on-program/

https://innovationisonlyanimagination.blogspot.com/

The Russian army may refuse to advance.

Rumors are telling that Russian troops refuse to advance. That means those people will not follow commands. And that thing causes a very dangerous. Because if that advance continues. There is a possibility that this rebellion pulls the entire army after that. There is the possibility that there is a threat of military rebellion against Putin's government. 

The situation in the Russian military is poor. There is lots of corruption, and older servicemen cheat others. That means. There is the possibility. That at least some of the losses of the Russian army are caused by their own troops' revenge. A combat situation is a good place to revenge for the bad treatment. 

Also, the corrupted military persons might want to clear their competitors from their way. If their competitor is dead, that opens a higher position for applicants. And that means the soldier's temptation to shoot their comrades in combat can be irresistible. Cheating during training gives hate to motive. The combat is opportunity. And guns or explosives are a possibility. 

There is the possibility that the combat situation launches will shoot its people. There is the possibility that those deads are not ever investigated. When we are thinking about raping and other things there is the possibility that they are examples of extremely low morale in the Russian military. And low morale makes many things that should be prohibited possible. If the superiorities and men think that their fight and life are meaningless that causes crimes. 

When we are thinking possibility that the Russian military will not follow their orders. That means there is only one change. That change is to punish those soldiers. But punishment causes fear. Fear is the thing that kept East Germany's citizens on the streets when East Germany collapsed. 

When we are thinking about the situation that Putin's military men didn't follow their orders they would start to be afraid of the punishments. And that thing can cause they can start to make the active resistance against people who are coming to arrest them. The fact is that if Putin will not order punishments that thing can cause a situation where protests are starting to spread all over the military forces. 

When we are thinking possibility that some draftees will send to Ukraine. There is the possibility that those people would just be killed. The fact is that many things cause instability in the cases like declaring war. There are lots of internal violence and corruption in the Russian military. That means some servicemen might want to take revenge for their treatment. 

https://artificialintelligenceandindividuals.blogspot.com/

How good are Russian tanks and military anyway?

If "Pravda" reports that there are over 25 000 killed Russian troops in the Ukraine war. There must be many other killed combatants like mercenaries who are not reported. The Russian army calls mercenaries from Northern Africa and other friendly countries. That thing, allows them to hide some part of their losses in the war. 

Modern warfare is very technical, and the use of advanced technology means that there are lots of places, where can be errors. Even if something works perfectly in simulations and training there could be a difference in real situations. In modern high-tech, only one connector that is not connected properly the entire system can fail. The active protection systems must be working as they should. 

And if there is some kind of errors in computers, sensors, or computer programs the system would not work correctly. Then we can think about the tanks and other equipment by using the questions. What that equipment should be? What have they been in training and exercises? And then the final and the most important question is: are all product series made with the same accuracy and qualification standards as the tanks and systems that are reserved for Putin's favorite commanders. 

The thing in Russian tanks and other military systems is that when we are reading their technical analysis those systems would be the best in the World. But then we can see what happens in Ukraine. There are lots of destroyed tanks. Maybe the destruction of one "Armata" tank doesn't make them fail. 

But the fact is that there is something that destroys the Russian tanks in Ukraine. Is that thing something between the steering wheel and backrest? Are the Russian troops lacking training? Or did somebody forget to tell them how they should do that equipment? Or did somebody tell them that their tank is immune against all possible ammunition? 

Is that thing the problem with tactics? If we think that the thing that causes losses is tactics, why Russians will not change their tactics? When we are looking at things like the Ex-CIA chief's testimony about Putin's need to win the war in Ukraine we must remember one thing. In Ukraine are fighting the most trained troops. And if the losses of that kind of troops are heavy they are hard to replace. Those troops are the most loyal staff in the Russian military. 

And without them, Putin loses part of his authority. Those highly trained military staffs are the tool that Putin affects police and paramilitary troops. If the police will not smash demonstrations. Putin sends that professional military personnel to that mission. But things like raping, other kinds of war crimes, robberies, heavy use of alcohol, and other undisciplined actions are causing discussions about the professionalism of those troops. 

There are also killed many Russian generals in Ukraine. The loss of about 10 generals where at least two were lieutenant-generals is not a small thing. The list is taken from Wikipedia, and some of those losses are disputed. And most of them are not confirmed. But the fact is that even if some of those people are injured. That thing doesn't mean that they can continue their career. And the loss of lots of senior officers affects the training of the successors for those officers. 

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The total losses of the Russian army are as follows:

25,500 servicemen killed;

1,130 tanks;

2,741 combat armored vehicles;

509 artillery systems;

179 multiple rocket launchers;

86 means of air defense;

199 aircraft;

156 helicopters;

1,961 units of motor vehicles and tank trucks;

12 ships/boats;

360 drones of operational and tactical level;

39 units of special equipment;

92 cruise missiles.

https://babel.ua/en/news/78455-the-losses-of-russian-troops-in-ukraine-have-already-reached-25-5-thousand-soldiers-and-almost-400-drones?msclkid=654016d2cec311eca1e9a41e56e755a1

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https://babel.ua/en/news/78455-the-losses-of-russian-troops-in-ukraine-have-already-reached-25-5-thousand-soldiers-and-almost-400-drones?msclkid=654016d2cec311eca1e9a41e56e755a1

https://www.msn.com/fi-fi/talous/uutiset/tutkivat-arvioivat-ven%C3%A4l%C3%A4iskalusto-luultua-kyvykk%C3%A4%C3%A4mp%C3%A4%C3%A4-ukrainan-sota-ei-ole-opettanut-paljoakaan-uutta-panssarivaunujen-k%C3%A4yt%C3%B6st%C3%A4/ar-AAX2sAs?ocid=msedgdhp&pc=U531&cvid=9a914a4e2eb34c8d82a60c4dcbdee6ec

https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2022/05/8/7344829/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Russian_generals_killed_during_the_2022_invasion_of_Ukraine

https://news.yahoo.com/russian-losses-ukraine-exceed-25-072936062.html?msclkid=65404c54cec311ecb6322b2c8fc2467d&guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYmluZy5jb20v&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAHJvA-AxLNqRSNq1SkoTxC-gkyl55ZUS9-HHWhCKPizuocdHTtZQdTZ8nttE7Fg9SMjUXVUlmLnFHc5ri-6nDYAepX0Ym7qfa5WUN-No_WkBAVZS1bzvi0_3fphHjb27JNf39LRu8K361ez1XDSs-_klSef4BeuUPdwAw4_R06gU

https://artificialintelligenceandindividuals.blogspot.com/

Ukrainians destroyed the T-14 "Armata" tank in Ukraine.

T-14 "Armata" (Wikipedia)

Ukrainian troops destroyed the T-14 tank in war. That thing is a good example that when even when something looks like well working everything can go wrong. Even if the protective systems and all other things work fine in exercises. The real situations are different. 

We can compare the destruction of the Armata tank with the case when the Serbian AA-flak destroyed a US stealth fighter. The F-117 stealth fighter or bomber seemed an invincible weapon. But the time drove through that type of solution. The Serbian AA missile shot. And then the regular AA cannons destroyed that aircraft. 

The T-14 "Armata" is equipped with an active self-protecting system that shoots steel flechettes against the incoming ammunition. The system has the reactive explosive plates or bricks that cover the entire tank and possibly the aimed "Trophy" type system, that shoots incoming missiles or bazookas HEAT ammunition. The problem is that the reactive armor requires that the explosive plates can shoot away by using rapid-firing cannons. The reactive armor can be effective against one grenade or missile. 

The reactive armor is effective. But the problem is that the explosive bricks that are protecting the tank can use only a single time. In reactive armor, the explosive brick detonates the missile before it affects the surface of the tank. But when the brick is detonated the new explosive brick must be put in its place. 

A T-72 tank layered with reactive armour bricks. (Wikipedia, Reactive armor)

The effect of reactive armor depends on the number of explosive bricks. A large number of small explosive bricks means that the reactive armor stands against more grenade shots than the reactive armor that has only a few explosive bricks. 

When the large explosive brick is exploded that uncovers a larger surface of the body of the tank. And that point is vulnerable against very accurate anti-tank weapons. So there is the tactic where the multiple dummy heat ammunition will shoot against the tank. That is protected by using reactive body armor. Then the smart weapons will aim at the holes of the reactive armor. 

But multiple hits can cause the situation that a large number of those explosive plates are destroyed. And that uncovers the core of the tank. So the reactive armor requires that the plates or bricks will replace after they are exploded. The explosion brick is always single used. And that means the new brick must be put in the place where exploded brick has been. 

There is the possibility that those explosive plates are equipped with steel flechettes. In that case, the steel flechettes can destroy incoming missiles or grenades very easily. But that requires that the system recognizes the incoming ammunition. There are two ways to make those systems. 

One is simple infrared, and the second is a combination of image recognition and radar systems. There is the possibility that the counter weapon has two components. The primary system might have a flechette shooting machine gun that is similar to the CIWS systems of the navy. That system can have an image recognition component that makes it capable to shoot armed persons. And then the backup system could be the explosive bricks that are shooting steel arrows against ammunition that are passed the machine gun. 

If the system cannot recognize the ammunition. It will not shoot flechettes. The other problem with that kind of system is that they can shoot their flechettes mistakenly. There is not a very long time to decide if some flash is the missile launch. And if the reactive armor shoots flechettes too early that can cause the flechettes are ended. The problem is that those flechettes are dangerous for people around that tank. So infantry must keep distance from that kind of tank. 

There is planned to create microwave-based systems that are used to destroy incoming ammunition like Javelin missiles before they hit the target. The problem is that if those microwave systems activate in the wrong place like a parade. They can cause heavy injuries to people who are near them. 

Images and other sources:

https://www.newsweek.com/russia-ukraine-tsaplienko-tank-t-90-1703662

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1999_F-117A_shootdown

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FGM-148_Javelin

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactive_armour

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-14_Armata

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trophy_(countermeasure)

The "Silent Ventus" drone is silent, and it has no emissions at all.

The "Silent Ventus" drone is a low-noise system, that uses probably ion propulsion. The noise of that system is about 70 dB. And that thing means the great breakthrough of ion technology. An ion engine or ion thruster can use any type of ion for its thrust. If the system must change to use the different polar ions the only thing that this system must do, is to change the poles of the acceleration track. 

The only thing that denies the ion-engine drone to fly to the orbital trajectory is a power source. The "Silent Ventus" can be the pathfinder for the next-generation low-noise space systems. The idea is that the ion-driven space shuttle can rise to the low-earth orbital from regular parking lots. The silent ion system can remove the noise problems of regular rocket engines. 

But if the ion engined drones use remote-electric load. The remote electric transfer can happen by using coherent high-power radio impulses. They can fly to the orbital trajectory quite easily. While that drone flies in the atmosphere it can use ionized air to give thrust. And when the air pressure turns low. The drone can turn to use internal propellant. 

The ion engine itself is not very sharp in what ions it uses. The use of mercury in those engines in Earth's atmosphere is banned because that metal is poisonous. But ion engines can use non-poisonous ions like hydrogen, nitrogen, or any other ionized atoms or molecules to give thrust to the vehicle. 

https://interestingengineering.com/electric-drone-silent-ion-propulsion

https://innovationisonlyanimagination.blogspot.com/2022/05/the-silent-ventus-drone-is-silent-and.html

What is business?

Business is an interaction between the different types of actors. And the business environment is the environment where business makers are acting. Sometimes it is described as the network of actors who sell and buy things. The business parks are an important part of the business environment. But also things like the community where the business makers are acting are as well as or even more important. 

If the business actors face resistance very often, they would not continue their business in that area. In cases when the community is always against business, the actors in the firm might change their operational area. That means they move to the other place.  The company needs a good product and good marketing for making the business successful. 

But also, the environment where the firm acts play an important role in a successful business. An environment that has a positive attitude toward business and entrepreneurship makes especially start-ups easier to launch themselves to markets. The business parks are making an environment where the attitude toward business is favorable. 

The thing is that the business environment requires start-ups and fresh ideas. Things like high-tech companies make the business environment interesting. That thing will bring rise to the entire business community. The question in marketing is how to make people click on certain homepages? 

And how do to confess people, that they should buy some product? If there is some kind of very interesting-looking companies in some business parks. That thing brings clicks to the entire community. The idea is that the business park selects the set of companies that are not competitors. 

And then that business park introduces that set on the internet pages to leads. Who wants to see the services that those companies are offering. 

When we are thinking about the business environment and business parks, their homepage structures could be that on their first page is the list of the companies that are in that business parks. That means the people who are looking for information about some special company or its product would see also other companies. 

https://innovationisonlyanimagination.blogspot.com/

The new quantum processors are more and more powerful.

 

Quantum entanglement and photon clouds can be the heart of next-generation quantum microchips. The idea is that there are two graphene layers and between them is the photon cloud. The quantum entanglement will form through that photon cloud in which photons are superpositioned and entangled. That energy bridge transfer energy to the photon cloud. 

That kind of system is making it possible to create more and more powerful computers. The worst problem with the photonic superposition is that it's quite a short-term system. That thing means that the quantum computers must be re-adjust after a short time. 

Quantum memristors are making it possible that the re-adjustment of the quantum computer can be automatized. The system will take the positions that are used in operations from memristors. That allows the quantum computer can continue its operation after re-adjustment. And the superconductors that can let electricity travel in only one direction are making it possible to create the diodes for superconducting microprocessors. 

But if the system makers can create stable superpositions. That thing can make dreams true. Making a stable quantum computer is possible in the case that the superpositions and entanglements are made between extremely high-energy particles. And the most suitable for that purpose is the quantum-size black holes. 

The idea is that electrons are turned into quantum black holes by pumping them with energy. And then the wave-movement is pulled between those black holes. That wave movement is acting as the belt in gear. And it can transfer energy to the photon cloud around it. But the problem is how to make those quantum-size black holes? The stable quantum computer that can operate even for years without breaks is the greatest dream of mankind. 

The problem with solid-state quantum microprocessors is that they require superconducting. The superconducting makes it possible that information keeps its form while it travels through the quantum system. There is lots of work to do before we will replace our laptops by using quantum processors. 

But maybe someday we would equip ourselves by using the quantum computers that are so easy to use as modern binary computers are. The problem is that the systems require very much energy, and they must be re-adjust after a while. 

https://artificialintelligenceandindividuals.blogspot.com/

Business parks and innovations.

 

The business parks are the places where entrepreneurs can create their networks. The networks are important, especially for startups. The entrepreneurs can find new companies that can offer their know-how to other beginners and small- and micro-companies. The network is the key element in the success of the micro-companies work. The network brings the needed work to do. And maybe someday, the big deal is coming to the front of the entrepreneurs. 

The network of the different sector companies is important when people who are micro-entrepreneurs are making offers of their services to other companies. The business park is the place where start-ups and other companies can meet each other. The small-size companies can be start-ups. Or they can be communities of high-class professionals like lawyers and ICT specialists.

The fact is that the start-up entrepreneur might have experience years before they are making their own company. When those people are made their own company. The problem is how to get customers?  Customers are the key element in business life. There is no business without customers. 

When some person makes a new invention. That person wants money from that thing. There might be a business concept around that innovation. But how to offer that concept to investors. Physical things like machines and machine parts require raw materials. And high-tech products like nanotechnology require the right conditions. 

The business parks are the environment where people can come to ask for services. The know-how is important in business. But also things like trust and knowledge of the company are playing a vital role in successful business application. The just established company has many problems. And one of them is how to confess to the customers that the product is the thing that customers want to get and what they need. 

The new company that is not famous has a problem with how to find customers. And how to make them make business with them. The main thing in the company that works with the productization and production would offer their product to retailers. And retailers are reselling the product to individual customers. But how do offer products to retailers and confess retailers of the products?

 How do make the customers or leads interesting in the product and buy them? The retailer is the customer as well another customer. And when the product is offered outside the company. Work and the product should be good. If a new just established company makes mistakes, that thing means that the customers lose their interest in minutes. A well-known company that has a stable position in a business environment can make small mistakes. But even they are losing their customers if their product is not qualified. 

https://innovationisonlyanimagination.blogspot.com/

Only imagination limits innovation.

Image: Toyota

Above this text is the futuristic car on the moon. Or actually, that thing can be the combination of the lunar cruiser, laboratory, and shuttle. There is the possibility that we would travel to the moon using trains or cars. Or technology that bases those well-known vehicles. The fact is that electric cars can operate on the moon. 

And the futuristic spacecraft that operate at the weak gravitation would have wheels under them. Those flying cars that are equipped with vertical rockets can travel to Earth. So that futuristic "lunar cruiser would also equip with horizontal or vertical rockets. And they can be shuttles with wheels. 

There is the possibility that in the future the magnetic rail gun or magnetic track that accelerates connecting spacecraft would base the railway. That magnetic accelerating track would build around the moon, and the craft is accelerated by using magnets to the journey to Earth. These types of systems might base on trains or cars. But they are more advanced than some old fashion artistic things. 

When we are talking about innovation, we are talking about the idea that can turn into a product. Innovation is the thing that turns ideas and thoughts into a physical product. But what is the road to innovative ideas and the innovation process? The first thing that inventors must get is the idea that this person will start to breed the product. 

The thing that the investor must realize is that invention does not come from emptiness. The inventor must introduce the product based on something. The base of machinery is in natural sciences and phenomena. That means there is some kind of phenomenon that will turn to the thing that will turn to merchandise that is interesting to the investors. 

The investors are the thing that is paying for the office space and help with marketing the product when it's time to take it to market. The perpetual motion machines are not valid products because friction denies the movement that continues forever. But outside the atmosphere, there is no gravitation and atmosphere. So there the perpetual motion machine could be possible. 

But let's come back to Earth. Many things are turning real in the modern world that was science fiction in the past. Today we are talking seriously about the liquid machines that can change their shape. The thing that can make that kind of system possible is the nanorobots inside silicone bubbles. Cloned living neurons can control those machines.

And that kind of robot can be more intelligent than even humans. When we are making new inventions, we must realize one thing. The internet is giving more information to inventors than ever before. And that thing means they have more possibilities than ever before. 

Image:https://europe.autonews.com/automakers/toyota-wants-put-vehicle-moon

https://innovationisonlyanimagination.blogspot.com/2022/05/only-imagination-limits-innovation.html

How to get to Jupiter orbiter in 1 year?

From Pinterest

The Pioneer 10 flew to Jupiter in about a year. The Galileo probe used almost 2000 days for that journey. And the reason for that was simple. The Galileo probe was the orbital mission. And it should slow down its speed for reaching the orbiter. 

The total flight time of the Galileo probe was more than six years. The reason for that is simple. Galileo's flight time to Jupiter was announced from the last gravitational assists. 

While it made its mission, the Galileo probe made two gravitational assist flybys with Earth and one with Venus. As I wrote before. But is it possible to send the orbital probe to Jupiter or other planets in less than two years? There are two theoretical ways to make that thing. 

1) Main craft makes the flyby and sends the parasite probes to orbital trajectory. 

Sometimes is introduced an idea of an interplanetary or even interstellar mission is a combination of the flyby and orbital missions. The system includes two types of probes. The main probe would fly through the solar system at a very high speed. And its parasite- or sub-probes will send to orbital trajectories. 

The idea is introduced in the "Daedalus" plan. The plan was to create a massive, unmanned probe that makes flyby of the planets or other stars. And during that flyby, it sends its smaller sub-probes that use ion or nuclear engines to slow down. In that version, the smaller probe uses nuclear thermal propulsion or some other power system, to decrease its speed to a level where it can reach the orbital trajectory.

"Daedalus" (Wikipedia, Project Daedalus)

2) The other craft will dock to the main mission unit during the gravitational assist maneuver. 

This idea is a little bit more conventional than "Daedalus". The idea is to use a similar mission profile to the "Galileo probe". The larger craft will put to make gravitational assist flybys to Earth and Venus. Then the smaller probe will drive at the front of the craft. And then the larger device that is loaded with gravitational energy will drive to catch up with the smaller probe. 

The larger probe can fly between the Earth and Venus for many years. And then the other probe will dock to it. The reason, why the Galileo probe didn't use the sun as a gravitational sling. Is that the connection between the probe and mission control is cut. When it's on another side of the sun. But the modern artificial intelligence makes it possible that the probe can find Earth independently and re-establish a connection. 

If we would use that gravitational sling with manned space missions. There is a problem that the crew must wait on Earth for a very long time before their docking capsule will launch. 

When we are talking about the long-term space missions the crews are extremely well selected. Their social relations are the key element for mission success. And if one of those members will injure by accident that would be a catastrophe. 

https://www.universetoday.com/128259/long-take-get-jupiter/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Daedalus

https://writingsaboutmysteries.blogspot.com/

The problem with hibernation is that is not remove aging.

Many scientists think that hibernation is useless in long-term space travel.  The fact is that normal hibernation or normal anesthesia cannot help people in long-term space travel at all. Hibernation can be a good way to control a person who is psychotic or injured. 

But the hibernation itself does not affect things like a lifetime. The major problem with long-term spaceflight is the aging of the people. And hibernation does not affect that thing. But hibernation is the gate to cryogenic space travel. Cryogenic space travel means that the crew will freeze to the temperature of zero kelvin. 

Why cryogenics is a promising way to make extreme long-term spaceflight? The reason, why cryogenics is better than so-called normal hibernation or narcosis is the oscillation of the DNA and other molecules' ends. This means the space traveler will not age. The idea is that when the spacecraft comes near its destiny. The system will start to warm those astronauts. 

And when they are put in the cryonic chambers, their body can equip with the resuscitation equipment that can involve a system, that can turn the heat on. A ventilator or internal blood oxygenize can help to restore vital signs. That blood oxygenize can recycle blood through the unit that will oxygenize hemoglobin. After that, this oxygenized blood will transfer back to the veins. 

The problem with cryonics is how to wake up those astronauts after frozen. If the rise of the temperature is too fast. The expansion of the ice rips those cells into bites. So the rise of temperature must be slow enough and the resuscitation equipment will start the vital signs at the right moment. If that moment is too late there is an oxygen lack in the body. The thing is that aging is the dominating problem in interstellar or extreme long space missions. 

By the way...

Phoenix-immortality 

In some visions, the astronauts will travel in interstellar flights fully awake. Those astronauts will age normally. After that, their memories will transfer to their next body. Then that system clones the astronauts' bodies. That means "Phoenix immortality". In legends, Phoenix is the bird that creates one egg before it dies. Then that mythic Phoenix will burn in fire. And the next Phoenix will come from the egg. 

In some other visions, the astronauts will travel in the form of cell cultures. When the system requires the astronaut it will make that person by using a bioprinter. That thing can be called as Frankenstein model. The idea is that bioprinters and highly advanced life support systems can make it possible to create even humans by using bioprinters.

 The thing is that many visions can make it possible to travel between stars. But the problem is that the interstellar spacecraft cannot send data back to Earth. If we can make a spacecraft that travels at the speed of light. It travels to Sirius in 8,7 years. And the message will travel back another 8,7 years. 

Time is the biggest problem in long-range spaceflights. 

The fact is that our first interplanetary flight to Mars or Venus is at the planning level. Theoretical research is on the way. But the fact is that there are many technical, social, and other problems to win before we can travel even to the closest planets. 

The journey to Jupiter will take a very long time. Pioneer 10 spacecraft reached Jupiter in one year. But that was flyby. That spacecraft must not brake when it reached the planet. 

The orbiter craft requires more flight time. The reason for that is they need to slow their speed to reach the orbital trajectory. 

The Galileo spacecraft reach Jupiter in 3 or almost 2000 days. The entire flight time to Jupiter was far longer. Galileo launched on October 18, 1989, and it arrived at Jupiter on December 8, 1995. Galileo made two gravitational assist flybys to Earth. And one to Venus to get enough energy to travel to Jupiter. 

The flight time to Jupiter is calculated from the last flyby when that craft traveled to Jupiter. And still, the travel time to Jupiter is three times longer than Pioneer 10. The reason for that was that Galileo needed the slowdown. And the manned spacecraft would need more time because their mass would be higher. 

The problems with that kind of flight are time and social relations. The flight time to Jupiter and back would be about 6-8 years. And the craft should spend little time in the orbiter. So the crew will age very much during that trip. And if we would someday make an interstellar flight or travel outside the solar system that takes even more time. 

https://owlcation.com/stem/Galileos-Fight-and-Flight-to-Jupiter

https://www.sciencealert.com/a-common-sci-fi-solution-for-long-distance-space-travel-could-be-pointless-for-humans

https://www.universetoday.com/128259/long-take-get-jupiter/#:~:text=Galileo%20actually%20took%20exactly%20three%20years%20%28about%201100,Jupiter%20and%20save%20many%20years%20of%20travel%20time.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryogenics

Image 1: https://www.sciencealert.com/a-common-sci-fi-solution-for-long-distance-space-travel-could-be-pointless-for-humans

https://writingsaboutmysteries.blogspot.com/

Enzymes are extremely complicated molecules.

    

The enzyme glucosidase converts the sugar maltose into two glucose sugars. Active site residues in red, maltose substrate in black, and NAD cofactor in yellow. (PDB: 1OBB​)

The enzymatic reactions control many things in our body and other living organisms. The complicated structures of enzyme molecules are one of the reasons why new and more powerful supercomputers are created. Enzymes are biological catalysts. They are accelerating chemical reactions. 

Making simulations of the reactions between enzymes and enzyme-protein reactions require extremely powerful computers. I know that many enzymes are proteins. But here I use the term protein for macromolecules that are forming cell cores. 

 Many actors affect the enzymatic reactions. The PH-value, pressure, and temperature are the thing that affects the structure of the enzyme. When the temperature rises that affects the reactive structures of enzymes. And also when the size of an enzyme is changing. 

So when the form of enzyme changes takes a different number of active molecules. The active molecules are the things that are making the chemical reactor. An enzyme is the background actor or activator for those reactions. 

The size of the layer of the enzyme is also chancing. That changes the catalytic process of the enzymes. 

The idea to use sound to control the enzymatic reactions is interesting. The coherent extremely thin soundwaves can use to turn the enzymes in the right position. In those pressure-based systems series of the air, molecules will shoot to the enzymes. 

And that should turn them to the other side. The thing is that the laser systems can affect the temperature of the enzymes. And the change in temperature level can change their chemical abilities. 

Enzymes are ultimate tools for many purposes from medical to nanotechnology. Human and other animals' glandular cells produce many enzymes and researchers can clone those cells. But when the systems are making new enzymes and control their interactions. In those reactions, the systems must control the physical and chemical environment extremely carefully. If there is some error in those environments those enzymes are acting the wrong way. 

In our body enzymes are cutting long protein fibers. And that makes them very important for us. The immune cells use enzymes to destroy harmful organisms. The reason why the immune defense uses enzymes is that they are easier to control. If some enzymes are used to destroy bacteria. Not neutralized immediately after they did their work. They can make a very lot of damage. 

https://scitechdaily.com/using-sound-to-control-enzymatic-reactions/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cofactor_(biochemistry)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucosidases

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maltose

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotinamide_adenine_dinucleotide

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein

https://writingsaboutmysteries.blogspot.com/

Who is the best stealth fighter in the world?

   

F-22 vs. F-35, vs. J-22 vs. SU-57, which of those aircraft is the best? The answer to that question is nobody knows. The thing is that the aircraft on paper can be different than aircraft in a real situation. When we are looking at theoretical models of the aircraft. There as drawings and officially published they might seem like miracles. 

They might look almost too perfect. But the fact is different. Even if the aircraft is perfect, there is always something that pilots must learn. That thing is seen when they tested touch switches of F-35. Learning to use the new type of user interface takes time. The thing is that when the new concept of aircraft is entering service all personnel from pilots to ground support staff require training. 

And when the new concepts like interaction with drones and AI-controlled self-protection are in use there are always errors in programs. The thing is that the brand new aircraft with brand new systems might not be ready for action. During tests, controllers might find even thousands of errors in materials, computers, and especially computer programs. And the purpose of exercising and testing the properties of the aircraft in full-scale combat simulations is to find out those errors that might be critical in real situations. 

Image 2: 

So if there are lots of errors in systems the new aircraft can lose air combats even to old aircraft. But the thing that is important to know is that if the pilot's skills are not excellent. The newest and best aircraft would lose battles. The thing is that in Ukraine the Ukrainian aircraft are older than Russian, Russians are in trouble with those old-time MiG 29 fighters. The fact is that modern tactical systems are integrated into a large-size entirety. 

Those systems are sharing information. And that means that the single aircraft doesn't mean so much as we might think. The next-generation fighters are cooperating with multipurpose, recon, and kamikaze drones and drone swarms. That interaction is in key role in the 6. the generation jet fighters. 

Those drones can pick up incoming missiles to their body. That's why some of those drones are called "loyal wingmen". Or they can also equip with missiles or internal warheads. And they can use to attack the anti-aircraft missiles. Or those drones can protect manned aircraft by flying to the route of the incoming missile. Those drones can also use independently in search and destroy missions like normal cruise missiles or remote-controlled attack aircraft. 

https://www.19fortyfive.com/2022/05/f-22-vs-f-35-vs-j-20-vs-su-57-which-stealth-fighter-is-the-best/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Next_Generation_Air_Dominance

Image: Pinterest

Image 2: https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/defense/2021-03-02/australias-loyal-wingman-flies-first-time

https://writingsaboutmysteries.blogspot.com/